Egypt has made significant progress on the economic front but still has a long way togo, the IMF will say today in its Regional Economic Outlook on the Middle East and Central Asia report, Al Borsa reports based on what it says is a leaked copy of the report due to be released at 8:00am today. Egypt needs to bolster its reserve ratio to be better equipped to handle its current economic challenges, but more importantly, the government needs to come up with a strategy to fight inflation, which crossed the 30% barrier earlier this year, the report will allegedly say.
IMF sees inflation averaging 24.8% this year, up from previous forecast of 22%:Planned legislative and fiscal reforms are expected to put downward pressure on inflation, but the IMF is now predicting we’ll see an average of 24.8% this year, up from its previous estimate of 22%. The institution sees inflation cooling to 11.6% in 2018. Central bank interest rates are one way to fight inflation, but a more restrictive fiscal policy might affect loan growth this year, the report warns.
Oil prices are a double-edged sword: Expected increases in global crude oil prices might also make it difficult for the government to maintain its high rate of spending on further development as well as subsidies. Oil imports are also expected to increase by 30% this year compared to the previous one, the report states, warning that further increases might lead to greater austerity measures. On the other hand, higher oil prices worldwide might increase foreign currency inflows through remittances and foreign investment.
Exports growing: Revenues from exported goods and services are expected to reach USD 39.1 bn this year and grow to USD 43.9 bn next year, while imports are expected to stand at USD 69.9 bn and grow to USD 72.8 bn next year. The country’s current deficit is also seen shrinking to 5.3% from 5.6% last year, before falling to 3.9% next year.
Enhance competition: Egypt has also taken great strides on the structural reforms and infrastructure development front, but needs to place more emphasis on encouraging healthy competition.
The full IMF report will be available for download hereat 8am CLT (10am Dubai time) today.
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BNP Paribas’ Emerging Markets commentary from IMF / World Bank Spring meetings said that, in Egypt, the “authorities expect a strengthening in the export base after the currency devaluation and also see an improvement in tax revenues with the implementation of various fiscal reforms.” The bank says the meetings showed an expectation for tax revenues to grow “by some 1% of GDP per year in the next 5 years.” It also said there would be “no new Eurobond issuance expected before 1Q2018,” but this came before remarks from El Garhy who said Egypt was considering issuing a USD 1.5-2 bn eurobond in the coming weeks.
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The House of Representatives’ general assembly is set to begin debate on theproposed Investment Act today. The prelude to a final vote on the bill comes after the House Economic Committee concluded its review, according to Al Borsa. We’ll believe that when we see it, as the government is reportedly yet to sign off on new amendments recently introduced by the House’s Economic Committee that don’t seem to be sitting well with the Finance Ministry, particularly a decision to bring back private free zones, but with added stipulations, state officials tell Al Mal.
Private-sector owned free zones: Real controversy or straw man? Economic Committee chair Amr Ghallab had announced on Sunday night that private free zones were a necessity in light of Egypt’s economic difficulties and the need to attract more investment. The decision, which makes the establishment of new private free zones subject to government approval, is not yet final, high-ranking government officials also tell Al Borsa. New private free zones were banned by amendments introduced to the Investment Law in 2015, but existing zones were allowed to continue operations until the end of their contracts. MPs and members of the business community have been lobbying for their comeback since discussions over the new Investment Act began, but the Finance Ministry had voiced repeated objections to the idea over the last several months. The Federation of Egyptian Chambers of Commerce and other businessmen and associations naturally applauded the move. The Finance Ministry is yet to issue a formal response on the issue but Investment and International Cooperation Minister Sahar Nasr is set to attend the discussions at the general assembly session, she told the press on Monday.
Investment incentives and a ‘new’ one-stop shop: Other amendments to the Investment Act, which has now been reduced to 95 from 99 articles, include slightly amending the one-stop-shop window to an Investor Service Center that would operate under the jurisdiction of the General Authority for Free Zones and Investment (GAFI). In addition to setting the cap for foreign labor at 20% at most for exceptional cases, the amended bill also offers further incentives, such as allocating free land and offering higher tax rebates to investors operating certain types of projects in strategic locations, including Upper Egypt, Fayoum, Marsa Matrouh, and the Suez Canal Economic Zone, to name a few.
Retroactivity — in a good way: Under the amendments coming out of the Economic Committee, any investment or new company that formed up to 30 months before the law’s passage would be eligible to benefit from the incentives outlined in the act and its subsequent executive regulations.
Caveat: The law sets a broad framework, but you’ll want to read it against (a) the policy framework it’s designed to turn into reality and (b) the executive regulations on the act, which are where the proverbial rubber meets the road. Investment Minister Sahar Nasr has promised to do her best to expedite issuance of the executive regs for the act.
Background on the framework: This is all in line with the broad principles handed down last year by the Supreme Investment Council headed by President Abdel Fattah El Sisi
This is a developing story, so look for more tomorrow as additional media reports surface. In the meantime, start with a read of Al Ahram’s rundown of the amendments passed by the committee.
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Is Donald Trump Middle East-bound? Enterprise paid a visit to the non-profit Middle East Institute in Washington, DC, as part of a media delegation on the sidelines of the AmCham Doorknock mission that kicked off Monday. We sat with Paul Salem, MEI’s vice president for policy and research, and Gerald M. Feierstein, director of the MEI’s Center for Gulf Affairs. Key takeaways from the briefing:
- US President Donald Trump could do a regional tour in the coming months;
- The US is very interested in seeing Egypt serve as a hub for exports to Africa, but we face tough competition from Morocco and Algeria;
- It is unclear whether US non-military aid to Egypt will be trimmed as part of the Trump administration’s cutbacks on foreign assistance;
- The Trump administration places a higher premium on security coordination than did the Obama White House. The new administration will be more willing to lift restrictions on security assistance, but the view in Congress could differ, given concerns including on the ability of opposition voices to be heard and the effectiveness of counterterrorism efforts;
- Good news for the Egyptian Defence Ministry: The Trump administration is more interested in dealing with the security situation in Libya, a key foreign policy concern for Egypt. This contrasts with the Obama’s focus on a political solution through the formation of coalition government in Tripoli;
- There is no more talk about designating the Muslim Brotherhood a terrorist organization;
- The US has retreated from the idea of moving its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.
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EU delegation brassed-off about ‘automotive directive’: The proposed automotive directive, which given cash incentives to Egyptian car assemblers who go further up value chain into manufacturing, would violate the terms of Egypt’s free trade agreement the European Union, EU Mission Chief to Egypt Ivan Surkoš told reporters on Sunday, Al Mal reports. The bill proposes giving local assemblers give tax breaks and payouts from an incentive fund to protect them against what the industry says are unfair advantages enjoyed by EU, Turkish and Moroccan imports. European car makers and their domestic importers have previously complained to the European Commission and are claiming that bill might be harmful to exporters in the long run. European carmakers had warned in their letter of complaint that the bill could also impact future European investments in Egypt’s auto industry. (Not that pure exporters of CBU vehicles to Egypt have invested a penny here in the past decade or ten…) The EU plans to discuss the automotive directive with Trade Minister Tarek Kabil in Brussels soon, Surkoš added.
In other industry news: The Federation of Egyptian Industries automakers’ divisionasked car distributors to stop imports until existing stocks are sold, division head Hassan Sleiman tells Al Mal. Car sales have been in a slump since prices soared as a result of the EGP float last November.
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EFG Hermes has again topped the securities brokerage league tables with a 25.6% market share for the month of April, while Beltone is giving perennial number-two finisher CI Capital a run for its money. CI Capital had a 9.5%market share in April, followed by Beltone at 7.3%, Pioneers at 4.2% and Mediterranean for Brokerage at 3.2%. On a year-to-date basis, EFG Hermes has a 22.3% market share, followed by Al Rowad Securities (9.9%), CI Capital (8.3%), Pharos Holdings (4.6%) and Beltone (4.3%). You can download the YTD league table here or the April table here. Both are pdfs.
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Riad & Riad law firm is unhappy with the new, controversial amendments to the Judicial Authorities Act, calling them “clearly tainted with unconstitutionality.” It says claims that the amendments will not affect judicial independence are “flawed … For example, the head of the State Council, in his capacity and by default, is the president of the Supreme Administrative Court which reviews and decides on the challenges initiated against the decrees issued by the government and the President. He is also the head of the judicial panel which decides on the challenges initiated against the results of the presidential election. To add more, the president of the Court of Cassation, in his capacity, is one of the members of the judicial panel which adjudicate the President in case of impeachment according to Article 159 of the Constitution.” This makes the positions of the heads of judicial authorities carry a “serious and sensitive judicial implications and not a mere administrative job.”
The judiciary isn’t staying quiet, either: The Judges Club of Egypt’s advisory board met yesterday and is considering writing its own, alternative Judicial Authorities Act, Al Masry Al Youm says, citing unnamed judicial sources. Club executives are increasingly unhappy that the Court of Cassation (the nation’s highest appeals court) refuses to call for an assembly of all the nation’s judges on Friday to discuss issue. The club ultimately decided to indefinitely postpone its general assembly meeting, spokesman Hazem Rasmy said yesterday, according to the newspaper.
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MOVES- President Abdel Fattah El Sisi appointed head of the Suez Canal Authority Mohab Mamish as the head of the Suez Canal Economic Zone (SCZone). Mamish, as was speculated, replaces Ahmed Darwish, who said he did not resign from his position, but that he respects El Sisi’s wishes and vision, Al Masry Al Youm reports. The primary focus for the zone in the coming period will be attracting investment as it presses ahead with infrastructure projects and a comprehensive plan to develop the zone’s ports, Mamish said in an interview with Al Ahram.
MOVES- Hussein El Refaie was appointed as the new president of the Suez Canal Bank, succeeding Tarek Kandil, Al Borsa reports. Prior to his appointment, El Refaie served as the National Bank of Egypt’s chief financial officer and executive director.
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Only 37% of Egyptians are dissatisfied with the House of Representatives’ performance over the past year, according to a poll the Egyptian Center for Public Opinion (Baseera) released on Sunday. Thirty percent of respondents said they believe the House is doing a good job, while the remaining 33% were undecided. The poll notes that there is an inverse relationship between respondents’ education level and their satisfaction level: 19% of respondents with education beyond thanawiya amma report they approve of parliament’s performance. That rate rises to 40% among those who left school before thanawiya amma.
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Not the Onion: The moderately popular House of Representatives may put the fate of the Tiran and Sanafir handover agreement in the public’s hands through a popular referendum, deputy chair of the House Defense Committee Yehia Kedwani tells Al Shorouk. Odds of this happening: Roughly on par with those of Cairo being buried under a blizzard this afternoon.
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Two police captains and one other officer were killed in a drive-by shooting in Cairolate last night at the intersection of the Waha Road and the Ring Road near Nasr City, according to an Interior Ministry statement. Five other members of the police service were injured in the shoot-out. As of dispatch time, the ministry had not released any information on the identity of the perpetrators.
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A handful of international stories worth your time this morning if you have a moment:
The folks running the Statelet of Qatar are going to be having a Maalox Moment (watch, run time: 0:28) now that France has become the latest country to have opened an investigation into the process that saw Hades awarded the 2022 World Cup.
The Financial Times is (very subtly) warning us that “Hedge funds bolster staff despite performance worries,” which — reading between the lines — augurs poorly for the hedgies. Despite redemptions of USD 110 bn last year, headcount in the industry is up 15% over 2010 levels…
Meanwhile, Goldman Sachs is getting its hands dirty, the Wall Street Journal writes. “The firm has been opening its checkbook … to finance corporate takeovers, lend against mansions and art, and make personal loans for things such as kitchen remodels and fixing broken windshields. It is exploring new credit businesses such as trade finance, equipment leasing and extending credit that consumers use for online purchases, according to people familiar with the discussions. ‘We’re a bank,’ Chief Executive Lloyd Blankfein said in a February interview. ‘We should act like one.’” Sounds to us a lot like the playbook just about every Egyptian investment bank is following…
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CORRECTION- In reference to our piece on Sunday regarding Germany’s parliament approving a security cooperation pact with Egypt, our favorite German (and good friend) Andre El-A points out: “Happy ‘Loyalty Day’ … The Reichstag was established 1871 and disbanded in 1918 — it was succeeded by the Weimar National Assembly which led to the NSDAP gaining the power and – well the rest is history… Today the German Bundestag can approve and disapprove things, and they — post re-unification — do meet in the former building that the Reichstag used in Berlin.”
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