Good afternoon, friends, and happy hump day. The news cycle is starting to see some traction, so let’s dive in.
THE BIG STORY TODAY-
📍 EGX and ADX-listed Orascom Construction’s board signed off on its planned merger with Dutch-listed fertilizer giant OCI Global, approving an agreement that will see the two Nassef Sawiris-backed firms combine into a single Abu Dhabi-based infrastructure and investment platform under the name Orascom, according to a statement (pdf). The transaction will be implemented via a demerger of OCI’s assets into a new vehicle that Orascom Construction will acquire in exchange for new shares, after which OCI will be liquidated and delisted from Euronext Amsterdam.
OCI shareholders will swap their stock for roughly 97.8 mn Orascom Construction shares at an exchange ratio of 0.46 Orascom Construction share for each OCI share, based on an equity value of USD 1.5 bn for Orascom and USD 1.3 bn for OCI.
What’s next? Both Orascom Construction and OCI plan to hold EGMs in January 2026 to vote on the combination, with distribution of the new Orascom shares to OCI investors expected in 1Q 2026, subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals. The company said it will publish EGM materials in due course and has scheduled an investor call for 17 December.
ADVISORS- Our friends at EFG Hermes, alongside White & Case, FAB, and KPMG are advising Orascom Construction, while OCI tapped De Brauw, Rothschild & Co, A&O Shearman, Rabobank, ABN AMRO, and Deloitte. BDO UAE was appointed as independent valuer.
THE BIG STORY ABROAD-
🌐 No single story is leading the news cycle this afternoon, with a smorgasbord of stories getting plenty of ink:
Ukraine is set to present an amended peace plan — one that reportedly proposes alternatives to territorial concessions to Russia — to the White House today. The news follows Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s refusal to surrender land, claiming he had no right to do so under either Ukrainian or international law, following meetings in London with European and Nato leaders yesterday. (BBC | France 24 | Reuters)
CLOSER TO HOME- Israeli Military Chief of the General Staff Eyal Zamir told soldiers deployed in Gaza that the yellow line dividing the strip under US President Donald Trump’s 20-point Gaza ceasefire plan is a “new border” for the occupying state, claiming that the line would “[serve] as a forward defensive line for our communities and a line of operational activity.” Whether Zamir’s statement reflects official Israeli policy remains unclear, however, with the Israeli government declining to comment. (ABC | Guardian)
ELSEWHERE IN THE WORLD- Australia’s divisive ban on social media for children under 16 is set to take full effect tomorrow, 10 December. Major social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, X, Reddit, and YouTube will be enacting a forced block of over 1 mn accounts in lieu of fines of up to USD 33 mn. The country’s ban on underage social media use has garnered protest from major tech firms and social media giants, and is expected to pave the way for other countries to follow suit. (Reuters | BBC)
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☀️ TOMORROW’S WEATHER- We’re in for a cloudy day with a chance of rain in the capital tomorrow. Temperatures are set to peak at just 22°C before dropping to 14°C, according to our favorite weather app.
⛰️ Just when the dust had settled, the bidding war for Warner Bros. reached its boiling point. Yesterday, just three days after Netflix announced its binding agreement, Paramount Skydance launched a hostile takeover bid for the entirety of Warner Bros. Discovery, valued at USD 108.4 bn. Cashmoney.
This is a takeover of the finale of our three-part series on Netflix’s acquisition of Warner Bros. Read part one here for the business breakdown, and part two here for what that means for the industry.
Unlike Netflix’s agreement, which excluded Warner’s cable networks (CNN, TNT, TBS), Paramount’s all-cash offer of USD 30 per share comprises the whole company. It’s a dramatic escalation that bypasses Warner Bros. Discovery’s board of directors entirely, taking the offer directly to shareholders in what CEO David Ellison called an effort “to finish what we started.”
The barbarians are at the gate: A hostile takeover attempts the acquisition of a company by an unsolicited buyer against the explicit wishes of its board of directors. Rather than negotiating with management, the acquiring company appeals directly to shareholders, betting they’ll accept a better offer regardless of what the board recommends. Journalists and authors Bryan Burrough and John Helyar characterize it the same way the ancient Romans characterized foreign attackers against their empire, and Ted Forstmann characterized Henry Kravis during the 1988 leveraged buyout of RJR Nabisco — “barbarians at the gate.”
Burrough and Helyar’s account of the drama of corporate warfare that resulted from the Nabisco buyout remains the gold standard for understanding how hostile takeovers unfold, and may be the key to understanding the one currently in attempt by Paramount Skydance.
A timeline of rejection: Paramount’s hostile bid was “rooted in what it considered a lack of responsiveness from Warner Bros,” according to a detailed securities filing. The filing reveals months of increasingly desperate overtures from David Ellison to Warner Bros. Discovery CEO David Zaslav. Paramount submitted its first bid in September, followed by two improved offers that were rebuffed. The Ellisons — David and his father Larry, Oracle co-founder and the world’s second-richest man — dined with Zaslav on 24 November to discuss the benefits of a deal, and potential co-CEO and co-chairman roles for Zaslav in the combined company.
The Succession of it all. On 3 December, two days before Netflix’s announcement, Zaslav called Ellison to relay the board’s concerns about Paramount’s bid, specifically the absence of a full backstop from the Ellison family. The next day, after a board meeting where Paramount agreed to improve its offer, Ellison texted Zaslav: “I heard you on all your concerns and believe we have addressed them in our new proposal. Please give me a call back.” Paramount sweetened its bid to USD 30 per share — USD 108.4 bn in total — and told Warner Bros. that this was “not best and final,” signalling they could go higher. Ellison tried again at 4pm EST with a personal appeal: “It would be the honor of a lifetime to be your partner.” But Zaslav never called back. By 11pm, media reports confirmed that Warner Bros. had entered exclusive talks with Netflix.
The pitch? “A stronger Hollywood.” Paramount is using a multi-prong approach, first offering USD 17.6 bn more than Netflix — USD 30 per share all-cash versus Netflix’s complex mix of USD 23.3 in banknotes and USD 4.5 in stock, subject to collar adjustments based on Netflix’s future stock performance. Second, Paramount promises Warner Bros. and (and the incensed public) a theatrical commitment, vowing to release more than 30 films theatrically per year and honor “healthy traditional windows,” a direct swipe at Netflix’s two-week theatrical strategy.
To dispel anti-trust attention, Paramount also argues that its deal is more pro-competitive. On an investor call yesterday, Ellison noted that Paramount+ and HBO Max combined would have approximately 200 mn global subscribers, putting them “on par with Disney,” versus a union with Netflix and HBO Max, which will amass an untenable 400 mn subscribers total. “We really view this as, our deal is completely pro-competitive. It’s pro-creative talent, pro-consumer, as opposed to the combination with Netflix which would give them such a scale that it would be bad for Hollywood and bad for the consumer.”
Paramount even launched a website to make its case, positioning itself as Hollywood’s savior against Netflix’s dominance.
Who are Hollywood’s alleged saviors? Paramount’s bid is backed by a coalition of the Ellison family, RedBird Capital Partners, and — controversially — multiple Middle Eastern sovereign wealth funds and presidential son-in-law Jared Kushner’s Affinity Partners. David Ellison reportedly attended Trump’s Kennedy Center Honors event just hours before announcing the hostile bid. Ellison has repeatedly touted his friendlier path to regulatory approval, citing Paramount’s recent successful merger with Skydance and the company’s close ties to the Trump administration, calling the US president a believer in competition, arguing that the merger would create “a real competitor to Netflix, a real competitor to Amazon.”
Paramount also promptly dropped Chinese tech firm Tencent from its investor group and secured waivers on all governance rights from outside investors — a structure designed to avoid scrutiny from the Committee on Foreign Investment in the US.
But Netflix remains unbothered. Co-CEO Ted Sarandos said that the hostile bid was “entirely expected” and that Netflix remains “super confident” its deal will close. He also took a shot at Paramount’s promised USD 6 bn in cost-saving synergies: “Where do you think synergies come from? Cutting jobs.” The Warner Bros. Discovery board released a statement saying it would “carefully review and consider Paramount Skydance’s offer” and issue a decision within 10 business days — by Friday, 19 December. But for now, the board “is not modifying its recommendation with respect to the agreement with Netflix,” and advised shareholders to “take no action at this time.”
Market reax: Warner Bros. Discovery shares rose about 4% yesterday following Paramount’s announcement. Netflix’s fell by 3% while Paramount gained 9% — a market signal that investors see Paramount’s bid as credible, and perhaps voting with their wallets.
🍝 What even is healthy food? Some might argue it would be the kind that avoids carbs, and others may say that the greener the dish is, the healthier it must be. But we’d suggest that what makes food healthy isn’t just the amount of calories its ingredients contain or the greenery of its garnishings, but how fresh those things are. And at that, Lokali takes the cake (and eats it too).
A farm-to-table eatery, Lokali is all about sustainable comfort food, sourced from Egyptian farms all over the country. It’s not just PR speak either, sustainability shines through in every aspect of Lokali, and its menu makes sure you know it, with the stories behind the signature dishes detailed in the menu. Speaking of signature dishes, Lokali has quite a few. The menu is packed with a number of appetizing dishes, from breakfast staples and hearty sandwiches to short ribs and smoothies and everything in between. It’s the kind of menu you’d need to dedicate some time to, and we’d recommend you do.
For our latest Lokali excursion, we attempted to order a curated selection of “healthy” dishes — we failed, being tempted by the deep-fried cheesy balls. But again, if it’s fresh, it’s healthy — humor us. We offset the cheesy appetizer with a lentil burrata salad, and for the main dish, we opted for the caramelized onions pesto pasta. Food in tow, we got to feasting.
Two bullseyes and one fatal miss: Our meal started off on quite the high note with the six golden-fried cheesy balls, presented atop a bed of house-made roasted tomato sauce — perfectly seasoned, and thick enough to dip your cheesy bites in. The appetizer checked all the boxes, and primed our appetites for the main event: the pasta. Creamy, perfectly spiced, and further complemented by a side of Armenian sausage (which were a tad spicy, so be warned), the pasta was undoubtedly the star of the show, and was surprisingly generous in terms of portion. We ate and then we ate again, and we somehow still managed to take home the leftovers.
It was all smooth sailing, until we hit the burrata iceberg. The lentil burrata salad was unfortunately not our favorite dish, to say the least. Perhaps our own taste buds were unaccustomed to the lentil stew that formed the base of the salad, or mayhaps the amalgamation of ingredients (lentils, sundried tomatoes, arugula, dukkah, and others) wasn’t as harmonious as intended. In either case, we didn’t let the burrata dim the pasta’s light, which we swiftly returned to.
An unlikely combination we did find ourselves enjoying was the coconut lemonade. A perfect balance of tropical richness and citric brightness that felt both indulgent and refreshing. The coconut added a creamy, subtly sweet undertone that softened the lemonade’s tartness without overpowering it, creating a smooth, almost velvety texture.
Our verdict: Lokali’s love for nature shone through in every dish we tried (and every other we witnessed flying out the kitchen). It’s the sort of dining establishment that has become a rare sight to see, one buoyed by a particular commendable ethos, and a team that sees it through. If you’re looking for a wholesome, homecooked meal that draws from all sorts of global cuisines, we’d recommend treating yourself to Lokali.
WHERE TO GET IT- You can find Lokali in Maadi. You can also order through Talabat.
In an increasingly digital economy, connectivity is no longer a convenience; it’s a lifeline. From businesses processing payments to hospitals sharing critical data, Egypt’s progress depends on networks that can withstand disruption and deliver stability when it matters most.
Vodafone’s investments don’t focus solely on expansion, but also on the resilience of the services we provide to our customers. We are continuously strengthening the redundancy of all our systems, from networks to digital and IT platforms, while adopting the latest advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance our operations.
But resilience today also requires foresight. That is why we’ve built a network designed to anticipate and resolve issues before they affect people’s lives. Advanced predictive analytics, automated monitoring systems, and dedicated rapid-response teams operate around the clock to keep services stable, even under pressure.
This commitment has earned Vodafone Egypt industry-wide recognition, with Umlaut naming Vodafone Egypt “Best in Test” in mobile network for three consecutive years, and “Best in Test” for the fixed network for the past two years, marking the first time a single operator has led both categories in Egypt. Additionally, Umlaut recognized Vodafone Egypt as the “Best in Network Reliability,” reinforcing its position as the country’s most resilient and trusted telecommunications network. Vodafone has consistently performed beyond industry standards for years, ensuring that millions of Egyptians remain connected under all circumstances.
These results reflect a broader, long-term investment agenda, including our EGP 30 bn nationwide fiber partnership, which strengthens Egypt’s digital backbone and lays the groundwork for smart cities and advanced industries. Most recently, Vodafone has invested over EGP 7 bn in infrastructure only in the first half of its fiscal year ending September 30, 2025.
Every connection carries a story — a call between families, a business transaction, a heartbeat in a hospital. Network resilience, at its core, is about protecting these moments. When Egypt faces a crisis, connectivity becomes a lifeline. Our responsibility is to ensure this lifeline is always there.
⚽ Today’s action spans European, regional, and domestic matches. The Champions League is lighting up European stadiums, the Arab Cups continues regionally, and the domestic Egypt Capital Cup kicks off.
In the Champions League: Tonight will see nine thrilling encounters from round six of the league phase, starting with Bayern Munich facing Sporting Lisbon at the Estádio José Alvalade at 7:45pm. The Bavarians lost top spot after falling to Arsenal last round, and now sit in third with 12 points, alongside Paris Saint-Germain, Inter, and Real Madrid.
What’s going on at Liverpool? The Reds are set to visit Inter Milan at the San Siro tonight at 10pm. Liverpool has been inconsistent this season, finding themselves sitting in 13th place with just nine points after losing two of five matches. Meanwhile, the Snakes sit fourth with 12 points under their belt. Our homegrown star Mohamed Salah will be seen on the bench this match, having been dropped from the squad following his criticism of the club and their manager following the recent Leeds United game in the Premier League.
Champions League nights return to Camp Nou: Barcelona will be meeting Eintracht Frankfurt on the pitch at Camp Nou at 10pm. The hosts have claimed two matches and drawn one, collecting just seven points and finding themselves in 18th place, compared to Frankfurt’s Eagles, who sit in 28th with just four points.
Other Champions League matches to follow today:
Kairat Almaty vs. Olympiacos (5:30pm);
Monaco vs. Galatasaray (10pm);
Atalanta vs. Chelsea (10pm);
PSV Eindhoven vs. Atlético Madrid (10pm);
Union Saint-Gilloise vs. Marseille (10pm);
Tottenham Hotspur vs. Slavia Prague (10pm).
In the Arab Cup: The group stages wrap up today with four crucial fixtures determining which two teams from Groups C and D join Jordan and Iraq in the quarter-finals alongside Palestine, Syria, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia, who’ve already qualified from Groups A and B.
The Pharaohs vs. Al-Nashama: Our homegrown B team will be facing off against Jordan at 4:30pm, needing nothing short of a victory to advance, following two draws that have left them in second place with two points. Jordan have already secured their spot with victories in their two opening matches, while the UAE and Kuwait are level with one point each and matches at the same time. Both teams need a victory and and Egyptian draw or loss to go through.
🖼️ The Cairo Art Fair returns for its 11th year at TAM Gallery, with a grand opening kicking it off on Friday, 12 December and Saturday, 13 December. This time the exhibition witnesses a landmark cultural moment with the unveiling of the GEM Art Collection, available for exclusive acquisition. The largest annual celebration for Egyptian contemporary art gathers over 150 local artists and 1.5k+ art pieces, and will be ongoing until Thursday, 15 January.
HAPPENING THIS WEEK-
Cairo Art Book Fair returns at Ghurnata Community Space for a three-day run from Thursday, 11 December to Saturday, 13 December. This year, the special fair is showcasing work by over 90 exhibitors from 27 countries, bringing art books, zines, and experimental publications. The program also includes talks, workshops, book launches, and more for those looking to engage with contemporary art publishing and print culture. Tickets are available on Ticketsmarché.
An Art and Heritage Festival is taking place at Bayt Yakan starting Thursday, 11 December and running until Sunday, 14 December. The program is packed, featuring an art exhibition, a food festival, a documentary screening, art workshops, and a chance to browse through locally made art pieces for sale. For more details, head to Bayt Yakan’s Instagram page.
Sheikh Zayed’s Majarrah is hosting a Classical Christmas weekend this Friday, 12 December and Saturday, 13 December. It’s a full-on Christmas affair and a vintage, festive vibe you wouldn’t want to miss — featuring a live jazz performance from Okasha Trio, brush and canvas workshops for both children and adults, an art experience from Quadro, and a cozy winter market.
HAPPENING LATER-
Grammy-nominee Ibrahim Maalouf is coming to Egypt as part of his tribute tour, marking the 10th anniversary of his acclaimed album Kalthoum. Catch the Lebanese producer and trumpeter this winter at New Capital’s Concert Hall as he honors the late legend Umm Kulthum on Saturday, 20 December. You can get your tickets now on Ticketsmarché.
Abyusif makes his comeback at the Greek Campus in Downtown Cairo on Friday, 19 December. Expect a high-energy show and a hyped up crowd. Tickets are selling out fast — you can get yours on Ticketsmarché.
Attention Cairo runners: Registration is now open for Cairo Marathon 2026, happening on 6 February, 2026. Claim your spot through Cairo Runners’ website — tickets available until 30 January, 2026.
The EGX30 fell 0.1% at today’s close on turnover of EGP 6.8 bn (30.8% above the 90-day average). Local investors were the sole net buyers. The index is up 41.0% YTD.
In the green: Beltone Holding (+4.1%), Raya Holding (+3.9%), and Qalaa Holdings (+2.9%).
In the red: Eastern Company (-6.0%), Orascom Construction (-1.9%), and Fawry (-1.0%).
🗄️ OUR FOUNDER OF THE WEEK- Every Tuesday, Founder of the Week looks at how a successful member of Egypt’s business or startup community got their big break, asks about their experiences running a company, and gets their advice for budding entrepreneurs. Speaking to us this week is Hussein Wahdan (LinkedIn), co-founder and CEO of Bluworks.
My name is Hussein Hatem Wahdan, and I am the co-founder and CEO of Bluworks. Our mission is simple: to streamline HR operations for blue-collar focused companies and give workers the visibility and predictability they’ve never had before.
My journey into tech wasn’t straightforward. I studied economics at AUC from 2005 to 2009 — a totally different field from what I’m doing now. After graduation, I took the traditional route, working at CIB for six years.
But about three years in, I caught the tech bug. It was around 2016, and I was following tech news religiously. I saw how tech companies could make people’s lives easier — with products like Uber Eats and Fawry making services more accessible. I knew I wanted to work in tech and eventually start my own company in the space.
But I needed a rebrand to enter tech, so I did my MBA at IE Business School as a sort of reset. After my MBA, I joined Jumia, leading strategy and planning for four years and actively engaging in its IPO in 2018. At Jumia, I saw firsthand the challenges Bluworks is now solving. Every Black Friday, HR faced issues recruiting, managing traffic, and paying salaries at warehouses. A lot of manual work that still led to pay disputes and staffing issues.
And this wasn’t unique. My co-founder Farah and I saw how underserved the HR space was in both Egypt and the region — especially for companies with blue collar workers. We talked to almost 100 companies across labor-intensive sectors before a single line of code was written. We interviewed companies in construction, manufacturing, F&B, retail, you name it. We ultimately found that they face the same problems, and HR solutions in the market weren’t addressing them because they were built with a white collar use case in mind.
But blue collar workforce management is much more difficult. A blue collar person’s salary is 100% variable — with inputs related to changing shift times, lateness deductions, absenteeism, incentives, penalties, etc. The issue that companies face isn’t just the number of inputs being collected, but that these inputs are collected from different stakeholders manually and then processed on Excel. This means time wasted chasing the data, and even more time spent correcting the mistakes in manual inputs. The most surprising thing is that big companies in the market still operate this way.
That’s where we come in — and why we’re called Bluworks. Our vision is to create an integrated HR platform for operationally dynamic companies, whose workforce is 70% blue collar and 30% white collar. After closing our first round in November of 2022, we began building the product, acquiring our first client in the F&B sector (our sector zero) in March 2023.
The rest of that year was all about working and iterating on the product. We acquired clients early on — choosing to take a modular approach, test live with clients, and iterate quickly based on customer feedback. On average, B2B SaaS companies generally take 12-18 months to have a usable product, and it took us around a year until we had a product that people were willing to pay for.
That was the moment we knew we were on to something — our first paying client. It still hits me now, even with EGP mns in revenue, that a business saw the potential of the product so early on. Here was someone that my co-founder and I didn’t know, have no affiliation to, deciding to buy this product. This was a milestone for us, and a big validation of how clear and present the pain is.
Once onboarded on to Bluworks, our clients save anywhere between 70-80% of payroll processing time and 7-10% of payroll costs every month. At the same time, we give the employee the benefit of visibility for the first time ever. One of the biggest problems our clients have is high turnover, and the lack of visibility and information contributes to that. Even though turnover is a complex problem, the transparency Bluworks gives is a starting point.
Do we have direct competition here in Egypt? Yes and no. Our direct competition is actually Microsoft Excel. People love Microsoft Excel. Even now, people cling to manual processes, finding software a threat to their job or positioning at the company. This makes manual processes and Excel the number one competitor in the segment we serve.
Looking forward, there’s a massive window for Bluworks to be the gateway for anything blue collar. We want to be a one-stop shop — as cheesy as it sounds. Imagine a new business owner or foreign investor coming into the market. They don’t know anyone, have a limited network, and want to start a business. They will come to Bluworks to hire, manage, and pay out their employees — one platform for blue collar workforce management, hiring, and benefits.
Market trends support this, with more and more SMEs digitizing. The issue is owners usually digitize HR last — focusing on inventory management, finance, payments, etc., first. But if business owners understand people are the second biggest cost item (usually after raw materials) and are actually a main driver of a good business, they would digitize earlier.
Businesses also need to reframe their thinking — a tool like Bluworks isn’t a cost, it’s cost-saving. Because yes, you spend money to acquire Bluworks’ services, but the return is much higher than the money you’re spending — it’s just not a cost companies aren’t used to calculating.
But that’s changing — and our client feedback is the biggest proof of that. We see business owners and HR managers go out of their way to refer us to other businesses. We also see how employees feel more appreciated and engaged when using Bluworks — a software that serves all employees, from the most junior blue collar worker to the C-suite, all on one platform.
Three years in, I think the hardest part for any business owner is managing themselves, managing your day and week, trying to fit everything you want to get done in a way that makes you feel comfortable. Finding that balance is very important, and that looks different for everyone. I am very strict with my schedule. During the week, I focus on work and my weekends are for family and friends. There are rarely any exceptions to this routine.
If I weren’t building Bluworks, I would still be building. But if I could rewind my career, I would be a product manager — something I fell in love with at Bluworks. Outside of tech though, that would be my second passion — sports. I would love to be involved in managing a football club.
I would tell my younger self to just focus on yourself. Make the best decision you can with the information you have, and trust that everything else will work itself out. You can only control what you do and how you respond. So I learned that as long as you put in the work, don’t worry about the rest. It will work itself out. Not always in the way you want, but it will work out.
My advice to new entrepreneurs would be: focus on your product. Whether it’s an app or a burger, focus on your product. And that means talking to customers a lot. Never stop talking to customers. Even if you are running a USD 1 bn company, never stop talking to customers.