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1

WHAT WE’RE TRACKING TODAY

India, Israel begin FTA negotiations; India's e-commerce may double down to USD 300 bn

Good afternoon, friends. We have a concise issue today, with headlines covering trade talks, energy, and tech all moving in tandem.

The big story today: The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority has anchored the IPO of CleanMax Enviro Energy Solutions, putting renewed SWF weight behind India’s renewables pipeline.

Plus: India has formally kicked off free trade talks with the GCC, as New Delhi looks to chip away at a USD 64.8 billion deficit with the bloc. Parallel trade negotiations with Israel are also underway.

ALSO- India is already lining up for Saudi Aramco’s Jafurah project, with Indian Oil among early buyers of the ultra-light crude from the USD 100 billion project.

All of that and more, below.

Watch this space

TRADE India and Israel are carrying out the first round of negotiations for a freetrade agreement (FTA). This round of talks began on 23 February and is scheduled to run through Friday, following a meeting between Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal and an Israeli delegation in New Delhi, according to a post on X.

Negotiations cover chapters such as trade in goods and services, rules of origin, technical barriers to trade, customs procedures, trade facilitation and intellectual property rights, according to ANI.

Context: Merchandise trade between India and Israel stood at USD 3.62 bn in FY 2025. India and Israel signed the terms of reference to begin freetrade agreement (FTA) negotiations in November 2025. A Bilateral Investment Agreement was also signed in September 2025 by the finance ministers.

Happening now: India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in Israel today for a state visit.


RETAIL — India’s e-commerce market is projected to rise up to USD 300 bn by 2030 from USD 120-140 bn currently, according to a Boston Consulting Group (BCG) report. The growth trajectory is relevant for Gulf SWFs such as Adia, PIF, QIA and Mubadala Investment Company, which have invested bns in Indian consumer-tech platforms across e-commerce, food delivery and digital services.

Growth drivers: E-services are projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20-22%, compared with 16-18% for e-retail, reflecting faster adoption in digital-first categories. Category-led marketplaces drive over 60% of online spending while quick commerce is scaling at over 100% CAGR. Social or chat-based commerce formats are growing at 40-45%, led by adoption in Tier II and Tier III markets.

Shopper base: India counts roughly 300 mn online shoppers, a figure forecast to climb to about 440 mn by 2030, with rural consumers accounting for roughly 30% of the user base. Online commerce still accounts for up to 8% of total consumer spending and offline retail has grown at 13-14% annually.


GDP WATCH — India’s economy likely expanded by more than 8% in 3Q (October to December) FY 2026, according to a State Bank of India (SBI) report, citing resilient high-frequency indicators across consumption, industry, and services.

A bullish outlier: SBI estimates a 3Q growth rate of 8.1%, well above peers’ estimates, including ratings agency ICRA at 7.2% and the Reserve Bank of India’s 7% projection. SBI said rural demand remains strong, while urban consumption has improved since the festive season.

The Statistics Ministry will release official GDP data on Friday, using a new base (FY 2022-23) that shifts base year from FY 2011-12, alongside revised back-series numbers, adding uncertainty to comparisons.

The report also flagged divergent banking trends: Public-sector banks’ net income rose 12.5% y-o-y in the nine months to December, sharply outpacing private lenders’ roughly 3% growth.

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Data point

INR 411 bn (USD 4.5 bn) — that was the total capital raised by Indian fintech firms across 226 transactions in 2025, making India the world’s third-most active fintech market after the US and the UK, according to the FT Partners 2025 Annual FinTech Almanac.

Context:The US recorded 1.6k financings, the UK had 336, while India accounted for roughly 6% of global fintech transaction volume and close to 6% of global funding value.

Happening tomorrow

Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney will visit India tomorrow to hold a bilateral summit with Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi, where discussions are expected to cover trade, clean energy, and the formal revival of negotiations on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), Fortune India reports. Talks on CEPA, first launched in 2010, were paused in September 2023 amid diplomatic tensions but were formally relaunched in November 2025 on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in Johannesburg.

The big story abroad

The Netflix-Paramount-Warner Bros saga is once again in the headlines, with Warner Bros confirming that Paramount’s sweetened bid of USD 31 a share could beat out Netflix’s effort. If Paramount’s bid is deemed superior to Netflix’s, the streaming giant will have four business days to match it — so it is still anyone’s game. Paramount is also offering a USD 0.25 per share “ticking fee” for every quarter the transaction does not close after September 2026.

Making waves in the tech world this morning is a new agreement between Meta and Advanced Micro Devices. Meta is buying USD 60 bn worth of computing power, which will power its AI infrastructure over a five-year stretch starting 2H 2026. AMD issued Meta a warrant for up to 160 mn shares — approximately 10% of the company — at a strike price of just USD 0.01 per share, contingent upon Meta hitting specific milestones and AMD hitting a set stock price threshold.

ALSO WORTH READING THIS MORNING- A Harvard-led study found that a machine-learning algorithm can predict 71% of mutual-fund trading decisions after training it on data between 1990-2023. It appears that the algorithm has learned how managers react to trends, flows, and activity from their peers. That said, the algorithm failed to predict activities that fell outside the routine, which represents most of the value to be secured on the market.

Market watch

TECH — India’s IT sector is set to cross the USD 300 bn revenue mark for the first time this fiscal year projected to reach USD 315 bn by 31 March, as per a report by industry body National Association of Software and Service Companies (Nasscom). With a 6.1% y-o-y growth, a similar expansion is expected next year as global IT spending recovers and AI-led investments accelerate.

Why it matters: The sector is grappling with a significant crisis. Stock prices have tanked on fears that GenAI will cannibalize traditional coding and Nasscom is attempting to dampen the bearish sentiment. In a first, Nasscom has quantified revenue from AI-specific services at USD 10-12 bn for FY 2026, while admitting that AI is “compressing” traditional software roles. It expects the IT industry to add 135k new jobs this year. Despite damp industry sentiment, Nasscom argues that AI is redistributing work rather than eroding demand.

Circle your calendar

Check out our full calendar on the web for a comprehensive listing of upcoming news events, national holidays and news triggers.

2

THE BIG STORY TODAY

Adia anchors CleanMax’s IPO

Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (Adia) has anchored the INR 31 bn (USD 341 mn) IPO of Mumbai-based renewables firm CleanMax Enviro Energy Solutions. The details regarding Adia’s bid, including the amount and shares, are yet to be disclosed.

Anchor round: Adia, alongside Singapore’s Temasek Holdings, SBI Life Ins., Tata Investment Corporation, and other leading domestic companies, participated in the anchor round, which recorded INR 9.21 bn (USD 102 mn) in bids, Economic Times reports. CleanMax placed 8.75 mn shares at INR 1,053 per share in the round.

Overseas investors accounted for 32% of the anchor demand, while domestic institutions contributed the remaining 68%. Public bids are currently underway and listing is expected on 2 March. We had reported last week that ADIA and Temasek were expected to emerge as cornerstone investors in the listing.

Pre-IPO round: CleanMax had already raised INR 15 bn (USD 165 mn) in a pre-IPO placement on 6 February from Temasek, Bain Capital, 360 One, Steinberg India Emerging Opportunities Fund, Steadview Capital and several family offices.

Gulf footprint: CleanMax operates its Middle East headquarters out of Dubai and has developed a 55 MW portfolio in the UAE. The company has also expanded into Saudi Arabia and Bahrain through a joint venture — Kanoo-CleanMax — formed with Bahrain-based Kanoo Group.

Adia was the most active Gulf SWF in India’s IPO market last year, anchoring listings across finance, renewables, manufacturing and fintech sectors.

3

DIPLOMACY

India-GCC FTA talks

India and the Gulf Cooperation Council formally kickstarted negotiations for a freetrade agreement on Tuesday, building on the terms of reference agreed earlier this month, as per the Press Information Bureau.

Outcomes: India’s Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal and GCC Secretary General Jasem Mohamed Al Budaiwi greenlit a framework covering goods, services, customs procedures, digital trade, advanced technologies and investment flows.

Why it matters: The GCC is India’s largest trading partner bloc — with bilateral trade of USD 178.6 bn in FY 2025, growing at a 15.3% annual rate over five years — accounting for over 15% of India’s total global trade. For India, the objective is to narrow the massive USD 64.8 bn trade deficit, recorded in FY 2024-25, by pushing engineering goods, electronics, and tech services into the bloc.

Beyond trade, the talks reflect the corridor’s strategic weight. The GCC accounts for more than USD 31 bn in cumulative FDI into India and hosts nearly 10 mn Indians which reinforces economic and people-to-people ties.

4

ENERGY

India among buyers of Aramco’s Jafurah project

India among buyers for Aramco’s Jafurah project: Aramco reportedly sold several ultra-light crude oil cargoes from the USD 100 bn Jafurah gas project to US majors and an Indian refiner ahead of its first export later this month, Reuters reports, citing unnamed trade sources. Pricing landed at premiums of USD 2-3/ bbl to Dubai on an FOB basis.

Asia-bound: The buyers include Chevron, Exxon, and Indian Oil Corporation (IOC). Two cargoes for Chevron will load later this month and in March, with Exxon and IOC also lifting next month, according to the newswire. Chevron’s first cargo is likely headed to its South Korean joint-venture refiner GS Caltex, with the second potentially bound to Thailand for Star Petroleum Refining, two sources told Reuters.

We got an early taste of the news: Reports surfaced earlier this month that Aramco started selling condensates from Jafurah, with Asian buyers due to receive shipments late this month or early next month. Production at the gas plant — the largest liquid-rich shale gas field in the Middle East — started late last year. The first phase came online with 450 mmcf/d of capacity, and the project is expected to reach full capacity at 2 bcf/d by 2030.

SOUND SMART- Shale-style gas fields like Jafurah produce condensate alongside gas — the liquid hydrocarbon that drops out of gas once pressure falls. Condensate isn’t technically crude, but it trades like it (priced against oil benchmarks) and runs through refineries. Condensate is the first monetizable output from Jafurah, long before the gas system fully ramps.

5

ALSO ON OUR RADAR

Ashoka Buildcon bags Diriyah hotel project in Saudi Arabia

USD 191 mn Diriyah hotel contract

Indian construction firm Ashoka Buildcon’s joint venture in Saudi Arabia bagged the main contract for the Diriyah II One Hotel project in Riyadh, awarded by Diriyah Company, Zawya reports. The project, valued at USD 191.1 mn, is scheduled for completion within 27 months. The JV is between Ashoka Buildcon and Saudi partner BEC Arabia Contracting Co., with Ashoka holding a 49% stake.

Why it matters: Owned by the Public Investment Fund, Diriyah, a USD 63 bn real estate and tourism development project, is part of a larger trend of Indian engineering and construction firms securing work on Saudi’s Giga Projects.

Amarak launches 60k TPA sulphur plant in Jafza

AmarakChemicals, an associate of India-based Aries Group, has started producing sulphur-based agricultural products at a new facility in Dubai’s Jebel Ali FreeZone (Jafza), according to a company statement. The plant is designed to manufacture sulphur bentonite and other sulphur-derived inputs used in agriculture with a capacity of up to 60k metric tonnes per year. The company’s Jafza unit is registered under the India-UAE CEPA, enabling zero-duty exports from the facility.

6

PLANET FINANCE

Private equity’s return math just got tougher

The private equity industry gives the impression of a roaring comeback in 2025, with global buyout transaction value rising 44% to USD 904 bn and exit value climbing 47% to USD 717 bn, according to Bain & Company’s Global Private Equity Report 2026 (pdf). However, beneath the surface, the industry is experiencing a “K-shaped” recovery where a handful of elite funds are thriving while the broader market struggles with a severe liquidity crunch.

The rebound, however, has been uneven. The massive surge in 2025 transactions was not a broad market recovery — it was heavily concentrated. Just 13 “megadeals” valued at USD 10 bn or more accounted for 69% of the growth in transaction value last year, including the record-breaking USD 56.6 bn take-private of Electronic Arts. Outside of this elite bracket, the overall number of buyout transactions fell by 6% globally.

The industry’s most stubborn challenge is the mounting of aging, unsold assets. Private equity firms are currently sitting on roughly 32k portfolio companies representing a staggering USD 3.8 tn in unspent capital. Because firms are holding onto assets longer — an average of about seven years compared to the historic five or six — distributions back to investors have ground to a halt.

Distributions as a percentage of net asset value remained stuck at 14% last year. This marks the second-lowest level since the depths of the 2008 financial crisis, with the industry suffering four straight years of below-average distributions. The liquidity drought is directly impacted by the ability to raise new capital. Global buyout fundraising tumbled 16% last year to USD 395 bn, another fourth straight year of declines. 53% of LPs report being constrained from making new fund commitments because prior commitments have not yet been drawn down.

Easy money is over: Historically, firms relied on rock-bottom interest rates and expanding valuation multiples to generate returns. Under the old model, a firm only needed to grow a portfolio company’s EBITDA by about 5% annually to hit its return target. Today, borrowing costs sit in the %8–9% range, and purchase multiples are stubbornly flat. “Given where the interest rates and the entry and exit multiples are, you need to grow 12% each year for five years to get the same returns,” Rebecca Burack, head of global private practice at Bain, told Bloomberg, stating that “12 is the new 5.”

To achieve this aggressive 12% growth, the basis of competition has shifted. “What we’re experiencing… is a K-shaped recovery in a world where low prices, cheap debt, and easy multiple expansion are gone for the foreseeable future,” said Hugh MacArthur, chairman of Global Private Equity at Bain. Moving forward, the private equity players that attract capital will be the ones that can prove a repeatable, data-backed edge. “The [successful] firms will build systems, not slogans. They will invest in talent and AI, and move from full potential diligence to execution on Day 1,” MacArthur noted.

MARKETS THIS MORNING-

Asia-Pacific markets were a sea of green this morning, as investors expected US President Donald Trump’s state of the union speech to provide more clarity on trade policies. Korea’s Kospi was leading gains as chipmakers inched higher and Japan’s Nikkei was followed closely behind.

Sensex

82,345

+0.1% (YTD: -3.5%)

NIFTY 50

25,493

+0.2% (YTD: -2.02%)

ADX

10,627

-0.1% (YTD: +6.4%)

DFM

6,687

+0.2% (YTD: +10.2%)

Tadawul

10,855

-0.4% (YTD: +3.9%)

EGX30

49,541

-1.6% (YTD: +18.4%)

Boursa Kuwait

7,919

-0.5% (YTD: -4.6%)

QSE

11,267

-0.2% (YTD: +4.9%)

S&P 500

6,890

+0.7% (YTD: +0.6%)

FTSE 100

10,761

+0.7% (YTD: +7.5%)

Euro Stoxx 50

6,147

+0.5% (YTD: +5.6%)

Brent crude

USD 71

+0.4%

Natural gas (Nymex)

USD 2.83

-0.14%

Gold

USD 5,185

+0.8%

BTC

USD 65,568

+3.6%

The values in the table above are listed according to the market position as of 3:30pm IST / 2pm GST.


MARCH

4 March (Wednesday): Holi.

9-10 March (Monday-Tuesday): Pune International Business Summit, Pune.

12 March (Thursday): ET Entrepreneur Summit & Awards 2026, Bengaluru.

19-22 March (Thursday-Sunday): Bharat Urja Manthan – Global Energy Conclave, New Delhi.

20 March (Friday): Eid Ul-Fitr.

23-25 March (Monday-Wednesday): Indiasoft 2026: International IT Exhibition & Conference, New Delhi

23-25 March (Monday-Wednesday): Smart Cities Expo, Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.

23-25 March (Monday-Wednesday): PLASTIWORLD India 2026, Jio World Convention Centre, Mumbai.

27-29 March (Friday-Sunday): Vizag International SME Business Expo, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.

31 March (Tuesday): Mahavir Jayanti.

Signposted to happen sometime in March 2026

  • Election Commission of India is expected to announce polling dates for elections in the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West Bengal, Assam, and the union territory, Puducherry.

APRIL

3 April (Friday): Good Friday.

6-8 April (Monday-Wednesday): Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee Meeting

7-10 April (Tuesday-Friday), India Rubber Expo 2026, ITPO, Pragati Maidan, Delhi.

16-17 April (Thursday-Friday): Entrepreneur Tech & Innovation Summit 2026, Bengaluru.

22-24 April (Wednesday-Friday): RenewX 2026, Chennai Trade Centre, Chennai.

23-25 April (Thursday-Saturday): Rail & Metro Technology Conclave 2025, Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.

29 April-2 May (Wednesday-Saturday): Bharat Buildcon 2026, Yashobhoomi, Dwarka, Delhi.

MAY

29 April-2 May (Wednesday-Saturday): Bharat Buildcon 2026, Yashobhoomi, Dwarka, Delhi.

1 May (Friday): Buddha Purnima.

26 May (Tuesday): Eid Ul-Adha.

JUNE

24-25 June (Wednesday-Thursday): India Homeland Security Expo 2026, Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi.

26 June (Friday): Muharram.

Signposted to happen sometime in 1H 2026:

JULY

1-3 July (Wednesday-Friday): Seafood Expo Bharat 2026, Chennai Trade Centre, Chennai.

3-4 July (Friday-Saturday): Rail & Transit Expo (RailTrans) 2026, Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi

8-10 July (Wednesday-Friday): India Energy Storage Week 2026, New Delhi.

14-17 July (Tuesday-Friday) Bharat Tex 2026, New Delhi.

AUGUST

15 August (Saturday): Independence Day.

26 August (Wednesday): Prophet Mohammad’s Birthday.

SEPTEMBER

1-3 September (Tuesday-Thursday): India Energy Week, Dwarka, New Delhi.

8-11 September (Tuesday-Friday): Global Fintech Fest 2026, Mumbai.

17-19 September (Thursday-Saturday) : Semicon India Conference 2026, Yashobhoomi, Delhi.

OCTOBER

2 October (Friday): Gandhi Jayanti (Mahatma Gandhi’s Birthday).

20 October (Tuesday): Dussehra.

NOVEMBER

24 November (Tuesday): Guru Nanak Jayanti.

DECEMBER

8-11 December (Tuesday-Thursday), Expand North Star 2026, Dubai.

25 December (Friday): Christmas Day.

Signposted to happen sometime in 2H 2026:

  • Monsoon Session of Parliament, New Delhi is expected to be held between July-August. Dates yet to be announced.
  • Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee meeting for the September cycle. Dates yet to be announced.
  • India Mobile Congress 2026, New Delhi will likely be held in October. Dates yet to be announced.
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