Finnish company Solar Foods has come up with a method of producing food protein from thin air, science news service Phys reports. The process involves feeding microbes air and electricity, creating Solein, a protein-rich powder that can serve as an alternative to traditional animal-based products.

The science behind it: The protein is produced from natural single-cell organisms grown through a fermentation process, according to Solein’s website. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable electricity, then the microorganisms are fed with CO2, hydrogen, and mineral nutrients. The organisms then synthesize amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins — the building blocks of food. After harvesting, excess water is removed, and Solein is dried into a fine protein powder.

Why does this matter? Livestock farming and production are responsible for 11.1% to 19.6% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Cattle also produce methane, one of the stronger GHGs, and their producing their feed also contributes to nitrous oxide emissions.

How can it be used? Solein has emulsification properties, helping ingredients blend smoothly and remain stable. It can also be used to create a meat-like texture, making it an attractive alternative to meat products. Solein also forms a gel in acidic conditions, making it ideal for alternative yogurts and cheeses.

A look forward: Solar Foods' current facility is not large enough for commercial operations, primarily serving to demonstrate the technology's viability to secure regulatory approval in the EU and the US. The company aims to construct an industrial plant 100 times larger than its current one.

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