{"id":71489,"date":"2023-06-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-14T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/logistics\/2023\/06\/14\/enterprise-explains-sustainable-fuels-for-aviation-and-their-adoption-in-the-middle-east\/"},"modified":"2023-06-14T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-06-14T00:00:00","slug":"enterprise-explains-sustainable-fuels-for-aviation-and-their-adoption-in-the-middle-east","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/logistics\/2023\/06\/14\/enterprise-explains-sustainable-fuels-for-aviation-and-their-adoption-in-the-middle-east\/","title":{"rendered":"Enterprise explains: Sustainable fuels for aviation \u2014 and their adoption in the Middle East"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Enterprise Explains:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Sustainable fuels for aviation. <\/span><span style=\"\">Global<\/span><span style=\"\"> aviation <\/span><span>emissions have been on the rise since covid-19 travel restrictions have been lifted, accounting for 2% of global energy-related CO2 emissions in 2021, a 2022 <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/aviation\" style=\"\">report<\/a><\/span><span> by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows. Emissions from the industry have grown faster in recent decades than road, rail, or shipping, and are expected to continue on a steep growth trajectory to surpass pre-covid-19 levels \u201cin the coming few years,\u201d the IEA says. Aviation-related emissions need to be reduced to below 900 Mt <\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">CO2 by 2030, to accelerate a drive towards net zero milestones, according to the IEA. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Tapering down aviation emissions would require several near- to medium-term priorities to be implemented<\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">, such as accelerating investments in sustainable fuels, replacing fossil-fuel based kerosene with hydrogen-powered aircraft options and implementing regulatory measures. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Things are looking up:<\/span><span>The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is expecting global renewable fuel production to reach 55 mn tonnes by 2028, according to a <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iata.org\/en\/pressroom\/2023-releases\/2023-06-06-01\/\" style=\"\">press release<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">. If this happens, we would be on track to reach the trajectory of 80 mn tonnes by 2030. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">What alternative fuel options are on the table?<\/span><span style=\"\"> Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs), improved navigation, hydrogen-powered and battery electric aircrafts<\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">are all potential sustainable solutions for the industry. We delve into the realm of sustainable aviation methods, breaking down the pros and cons of each one, seeing which are poised to be applied in the MENA region. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">SAF may hold potential: <\/span><span style=\"\">SAFs are biofuels composed of organic plant matter or municipal waste \u2014 emitting only a fraction of the carbon compared to fossil fuels, while providing the same level of power output, a Bioenergy Technologies Office <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/bioenergy\/sustainable-aviation-fuels\" style=\"\">report<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\"> shows. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">SAF use is already growing, with global production tripling to 300 mn liters in 2022<\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">, according to IATA, which says that 130 renewable fuel projects by 85 producers in 30 countries have announced their intent to produce SAF as part of their production of renewable fuels. If renewable energy production reaches 69 bn liters by 2028, the trajectory to 100 bn liters by 2030 would be on track, and if 30% of this is SAF, the industry could achieve 30 bn liters of SAF production by 2030, IATA said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">But more needs to be done:<\/span><span style=\"\">Increasing the use of SAF from 0.1% in 2021 to 10% by 2030 will necessitate investments in production capacity, as well as new policies such as fuel levies, according to the IEA. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">The holdup: <\/span><span style=\"\">SAFs are costly and their adoption has been sluggish. Their cost is three to four times more expensive than kerosene, making their use less price competitive and thereby decreasing their production \u2014 which was estimated to have reached 0.1% of global jet fuel consumption, according to<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2021-11-10\/airlines-rush-toward-sustainable-fuel-but-supplies-are-limited#xj4y7vzkg\" style=\"\">Bloomberg<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">But they are starting to make some noise in the Middle East: <\/span><span style=\"\">In the<\/span><span style=\"\">UAE, airline giants <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emirates.com\/eg\/english\/book\/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw7PCjBhDwARIsANo7CgkpQs5P0tFW8P-uxGXe0KO0NhhNNbE3BK27TsbIi8jZDNgscFejfrEaAjT4EALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds\" style=\"\">Emirates<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\">and <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etihad.com\/en-eg\/?CID=PPC-EGYPT-GOOGLE&&&&gclid=Cj0KCQjw7PCjBhDwARIsANo7CglqJvUwucj863nbrDGOG3utlHjzWXRt13kh526fL7t73TChCg7xWjkaAnJREALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds\" style=\"\">Etihad<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\"> are exploring the incorporation of alternative aviation biofuels into their practices. Emirates operated its first demonstration flight in January 2023 of a Boeing 777-300ER, which uses an engine that runs on 100% sustainable biofuels, according to a company <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emirates.com\/media-centre\/emirates-operates-milestone-demonstration-flight-powered-with-100-sustainable-aviation-fuel\/\" style=\"\">statement<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\">. Earlier in November 2022, Etihad teamed up with ITOCHU and NESTE to operate a flight on a 40% blend of SAF, Etihad said in a <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etihad.com\/en\/news\/first-etihad-airways-flight-using-sustainable-aviation-fuel-as-part-of-deal-with-itochu-and-neste-departs-tokyo-narita?initLoginDisable=true\" style=\"\">statement<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\">.<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qatarairways.com\/\" style=\"\">Qatar Airways<\/a><\/span><span> also earlier this month <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/logistics\/en\/news\/story\/3389697f-6653-4b1c-9264-cc1cd9f26dbf\" style=\"\">inked an agreement<\/a><\/span><span> with <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shell.com\/\" style=\"\">Shell<\/a><\/span><span> for the supply of 3k metric tons of neat SAF at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, after agreeing to purchase some <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/climate\/en\/news\/story\/4473cd5a-d04d-4a58-8bd7-ed8a20764a0a\" style=\"\">5 mn gallons a year<\/a><\/span><span> of SAF over the next five years from US-based <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gevo.com\/\" style=\"\">Gevo<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\"> last year.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">And regional renewables firms have a hand in making it happen: <\/span><span>UAE renewables company Masdar recently <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/logistics\/en\/news\/story\/acf9593f-1153-4743-91da-14e78cc1b1ba\" style=\"\">signed<\/a><\/span><span> an agreement with Airbus to jointly develop sustainable aviation fuels, green hydrogen, and direct air capture technologies. The agreement also sees the companies launching a <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rsb.org\/book-claim\/#:~:text=In%20aviation%2C%20book%20and%20claim,attributes%20to%20their%20corporate%20partners.\" style=\"\">book and claims<\/a><\/span><span> framework that would enable aircraft operators to source their SAF supplies without being geographically connected to a stockpile site. Masdar is looking to capture a significant share of the global SAF market, which is expected to grow at a CAGR rate of 42.39% to USD 14 bn by 2032, the company notes, citing market forecasts by <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.precedenceresearch.com\/press-release\/sustainable-aviation-fuel-market\" style=\"\">Precedence Research<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">There are also <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;font-weight:700;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/climate\/en\/news\/story\/fe816882-70d1-498c-9017-d4c20fe76a56\" style=\"\">feasibility studies<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:700\"> being conducted that could potentially culminate in the region\u2019s first commercial-scale SAF production facility<\/span><span>, in Abu Dhabi. Masdar, Adnoc, Emirates Airways, and <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tadweer.gov.ae\/en\/Pages\/default.aspx\" style=\"\">Tadweer<\/a><\/span><span> are conducting the feasibility study with <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bp.com\/\" style=\"\">BP<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Demand and supply-side policies are needed to boost the growth of SAFs: <\/span><span style=\"\">Airports showing a commitment to the use of SAFs can help increase demand and accelerate the transition towards SAF consumption, IEA added. Funding and de-risking also help ease this transition by allowing continued innovation pertaining to sustainable production processes including the incorporation of unconventional feedstocks. Demand-side policies, including low-carbon fuel standards and blending mandates may help establish long-term demand indicators as well.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Hydrogen powered aircraft \u2014 which are powered by hydrogen combustion through modified gas turbine engines \u2014 is another renewable option<\/span><span style=\"\"> which is being considered across Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, and Morocco, <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fastcompanyme.com\/green-goals\/why-aviation-sustainability-in-the-middle-east-could-be-a-bumpy-ride\/\" style=\"\">Fast Company Middle East<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\"> reports.<\/span><span style=\"\">It also has the potential to be the aviation industry\u2019s <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/egypt\/en\/news\/story\/0680e270-f7f4-4efa-9f1e-2f15da857209\" style=\"\">most promising alternative to fossil fuels<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">\u2026 but it might take a while till they hit our markets. <\/span><span style=\"\">We might not see large hydrogen passenger planes <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2022\/05\/why-businesses-are-choosing-to-fly-on-sustainable-aviation-fuel\/\" style=\"\">until 2030<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">, with supporting infrastructure needed at a large enough scale. It also needs innovative fuel storage and delivery methods, low-cost and lightweight cryogenic tanks, and redesigned airframes to suit them, IEA added. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Still, progress is being made globally:<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airbus.com\/en\/innovation\/low-carbon-aviation\/hydrogen\/zeroe\" style=\"\">Airbus\u2019s ZEROe<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\"> is in the process of developing large commercial hydrogen aircrafts which are set to be operational by 2035. It is also partnering with <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfmaeroengines.com\/\" style=\"\">CFM<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\"> to build a jet turbine which combusts hydrogen, and <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fastcompanyme.com\/news\/wizz-air-and-airbus-collaborate-to-create-hydrogen-powered-aircraft\/\" style=\"\">has signed an agreement<\/a><\/span><span style=\"\"> with Wizz Air <\/span><span>\u2014 a low budget carrier which has an Abu Dhabi-based joint venture with UAE state holding company ADQ \u2014 to develop a hydrogen-powered aircraft. <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rolls-roycemotorcars.com\/en_GB\/home.html\" style=\"\">Rolls-Royce<\/a><\/span><span> is also jumping in the hydrogen pool by researching hydrogen-powered engines for small aircrafts, according to a <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rolls-royce.com\/media\/press-releases\/2022\/28-11-2022-rr-and-easyjet-set-new-aviation-world-first-with-successful-hydrogen-engine-run\" style=\"\">press release<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Battery electric propulsion is another alternative with no direct emissions<\/span><span style=\"\">, <\/span><span style=\"\">high efficiency, and lower noise emissions, as highlighted by the IEA. So far, only one<\/span><span> electric aircraft named Alice and manufactured by Israel\u2019s <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eviation.com\/\" style=\"\">Eviation<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\"> has been tested last year at Moses Lake airport in the US state of Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">The downside? Batteries are too energy-dense and heavy<\/span><span>, which hampers the range and size of aircrafts, according to IEA. That\u2019s exactly why Eviation slashed Alice\u2019s expected travel range from 815 km to 445 km after the trial flight, <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/are-electric-planes-ready-for-takeoff\/a-64491147\" style=\"\">DW<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\"> reported earlier this year. This means that the electric aircraft can only be deployed on niche markets, but they are in demand nevertheless, Bj\u00f6rn Nagel, director of the Institute for System Architecture in Aeronautics (DLR) in Hamburg, told DW. Still, the company is planning to make its first Alice deliveries to customers as soon as 2027 if \"battery technology evolves the way we expect it to,\u201d Eviation CEO Gregory Davis said. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Besides Alice, eVTOLS are also taking off (pun intended):<\/span><span> Electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (eVTOLs) \u2014 drone-like aircraft that use electric propulsion and large omnidirectional fans to allow them <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mane.co.uk\/news\/what-are-evtols-288010\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722126526&usg=AOvVaw0TGcnBW4ZT6Opipl10LvtX\" style=\"\">to takeoff vertically<\/a><\/span><span> and to act like air taxis \u2014 are meant to be energy efficient, quiet, environmentally friendly, and <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/automotive-and-assembly\/our-insights\/flying-cab-drivers-wanted&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722126738&usg=AOvVaw0QkuwxImfMEUim80aAV9Ox\" style=\"\">eventually pilotless<\/a><\/span><span>. Beyond their applications as air taxis, the vehicles are expected to be able to operate on an inter-city basis and be <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.spartan.edu\/news\/what-is-evtol\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722126925&usg=AOvVaw3DEUiGzvPPP-tzgxRySnGh\" style=\"\">used for cargo shipping<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">Who\u2019s leading the way? <\/span><span>Saudi Arabia is taking the lead with the adoption of eVTOLS, with its new mega project Neom recently <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/climate\/en\/news\/story\/84645aa6-e0a5-473e-acd9-bdfadc68f166\" style=\"\">investing USD 175 mn<\/a><\/span><span> as part of a series E investment in German eVTOL vehicle maker <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.volocopter.com\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722127418&usg=AOvVaw3MfQOid7QeE6kZhDMn7-KS\" style=\"\">Volocopter<\/a><\/span><span>, in order to roll out an \u201cadvanced air mobility industry\u201d in KSA. KSA\u2019s national flag carrier Saudia also last year <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/climate\/en\/news\/story\/83e28974-c493-421c-b05a-4b347d8d69fb\" style=\"\">signed<\/a><\/span><span> an agreement with Lilium to purchase 100 electric jets, while UAE-based charter flight operator Falcon Aviation Services <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/eveairmobility.com\/eve-and-falcon-aviation-services-announce-partnership-to-introduce-evtol-flights-in-dubai\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722127880&usg=AOvVaw0zv_XMJhciSOicK9xmtc9Y\" style=\"\">is buying<\/a><\/span><span> up to 35 flying taxis from electric aircraft company <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/ir.eveairmobility.com\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722128059&usg=AOvVaw1uhWqAxeDbV4Xcpg7a3SpZ\" style=\"\">Eve Holding<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight:400;\">, with deliveries expected to start in 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><span style=\"font-weight:700\">The caveat:<\/span><span> eVTOLS require huge amounts of electricity at <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.volocopter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Volocopter-WhitePaper-1-01.pdf&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722128409&usg=AOvVaw014BHbV_1iD2_9GLInznjT\" style=\"\">take off and landing<\/a><\/span><span>, and need batteries to be swapped and cool in between flights. German eVTOL manufacturer Lilium is aiming to have its aircraft range of 250 km with <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/verticalmag.com\/features\/lilium-evtol-batteries-what-we-know\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722128597&usg=AOvVaw2vyx-cBBUHR5GdXOFbwNZq\" style=\"\">a battery system<\/a><\/span><span> that charges to 80% in 15 minutes and 100% within 30 minutes. Petalite <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration-skip-ink:none;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/petalite.co.uk\/high-capacity-evtol\/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1686697722128750&usg=AOvVaw3_-V0ByN9Jn4i_iozD_i3t\" style=\"\">estimates<\/a><\/span><span> that the vehicles need high-capacity 600kW fast-charging capability to serve their duty cycles.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aviation-related emissions need to be reduced to below 900 Mt CO2 by 2030<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_primary_brand":0,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[302],"tags":[179],"brand":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"class_list":["post-71489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-the-big-read","tag-enterprise-explains","wpautop","entry"],"acf":{"mongo_id":"4b86de50-d98d-4b36-a477-94a658736254","is_powered_by":false,"story_type":"1","photo_url":"https:\/\/ent.news\/2023\/6\/385.jpg,https:\/\/www.emirates.com\/media-centre\/emirates-operates-milestone-demonstration-flight-powered-with-100-sustainable-aviation-fuel\/","photo_position":"above","homepage_title":"","full_issue_title":"Enterprise explains: Sustainable fuels for aviation \u2014 and their adoption in the Middle East","related_issue":[71480],"teaser":"Aviation-related emissions need to be reduced to below 900 Mt CO2 by 2030","voice_url":"https:\/\/s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/ent.news\/audio\/2023\/7\/.4693ad32-ae82-41ce-aa0a-5eb6e6924d39.mp3"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - 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