{"id":103203,"date":"2025-12-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/ksa\/2025\/12\/10\/railways-galore\/"},"modified":"2025-12-10T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T00:00:00","slug":"railways-galore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/ksa\/2025\/12\/10\/railways-galore\/","title":{"rendered":"Railways galore"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Good morning, wonderful people.<\/strong> It\u2019s a somewhat unexpectedly busy Wednesday in the Kingdom, even as there\u2019s no unifying theme or thread to the biggest stories of the day. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Leading our newswell this morning is Wall Street analysts\u2019 projections for Saudi Arabia\u2019s<\/strong><strong> budget deficit in 2026<\/strong>, with Goldman Sachs and Bank of America in particular holding more pessimistic views than the Saudi government. The outlook comes as the banks see a year of heavy spending and record bond issuance to fund major infrastructure projects weighing on the Kingdom\u2019s fiscal position next year. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>PLUS- We had a chat with Yusef Alyusef, managing director and partner at Alvarez & <\/strong><strong>Marsal in Saudi Arabia<\/strong>, about the drivers behind Saudi Arabia\u2019s tax reforms, the impact of Vision 2030 on the regulatory environment, and how businesses can navigate the complexities of compliance and zakat in a diversifying economy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">^^ We have these stories and more in this morning\u2019s newswell, below.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>SOUNDBITE OF THE MORNING- Globalization has ended, giving way to a phase of <\/strong><strong>fragmentation<\/strong>, and countries must reposition themselves to enhance resilience and adaptability amid geopolitical and technological shifts, economist and markets sage Mohamed El Erian was quoted as saying by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mubasher.info\/news\/4534050\/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%D8%A9-\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Mubasher<\/a> at a conference in Riyadh yesterday. AI, advanced sciences, and quantum computing will transform economies over the next five to 10 years, requiring policies to evolve, El Erian said. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>El Erian sees two major economic trends:<\/strong> Locally, economies must liberalize legislation and facilitate investment rather than follow US directives. Globally, trade and investment are increasingly used as pressure tools, marking a shift to \u201cmanageable globalization.\u201d Success in this environment demands resilience, rapid recovery, and strategic innovation, essential for local economies to implement reforms and navigate a fragmented world, he added.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>FOR THE RECORD- The Riyadh-Doha high-speed electric rail link announced <\/strong><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/3e5fa899-ae5a-4483-a161-7cd505bb8606\/a-riyadh-doha-high-speed-rail-will-cut-travel-time-to-two-hours\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">earlier this<\/a><\/strong><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/3e5fa899-ae5a-4483-a161-7cd505bb8606\/a-riyadh-doha-high-speed-rail-will-cut-travel-time-to-two-hours\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">week<\/a><\/strong><strong> is a separate project from the Gulf Railway<\/strong>, Transport and Logistics Minister Saleh Al Jasser told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alarabiya.net\/aswaq\/exclusive\/2025\/12\/09\/%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Al Arabiya<\/a> yesterday. The high-speed train between the two capitals is dedicated to passengers and runs completely on green energy, while the Gulf Railway is set for transporting goods on traditional trains.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>ICYMI-<\/strong> The project will span a 785-km route, linking King Salman International Airport with Hamad International Airport. Once operational, it will cut travel time between the two capitals to roughly two hours, handle more than 10 mn passengers a year, and open a corridor for medium and light goods to move more efficiently, bolstering trade flow. The project is expected to take six years to complete, creating over 30k new jobs and adding SAR 115 bn to Saudi and Qatar\u2019s combined GDP in the process.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>WEATHER- It\u2019s another stormy day<\/strong>, with heavy rain and thunderstorms expected from Asir and Al Baha up to Makkah, Madinah, Tabuk, Hail, Qassim, Jazan, Al Jouf, the Northern Borders, Riyadh, and the Eastern Province. Many areas may face bouts of dust, hail, and sudden drops in visibility, while flash floods remain a real threat across valleys and low-lying areas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Riyadh: 26\u00b0C high \/ 17\u00b0C low,<\/li>\n<li>Jeddah: 28\u00b0C high \/ 23\u00b0C low<\/li>\n<li>Makkah: 29\u00b0C high \/ 23\u00b0C low<\/li>\n<li>Dammam: 28\u00b0C high \/ 19\u00b0C low.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"tag-border-left\"> WATCH THIS SPACE-<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"> <strong>#1- <\/strong><strong>BlackRock is open to partnerships with GCC sovereign wealth funds to <\/strong><strong>expand its<\/strong><strong> investment footprint in Asia<\/strong>, BlackRock\u2019s Chief Strategist for the Middle East and Asia Pacific Ben Powell told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/special-coverage\/focus-global-wealth-funds\/blackrock-ready-to-partner-with-gcc-wealth-funds-to-tap-asian-markets-xjm409i0\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Zawya<\/a> yesterday. \u201cWe are very open minded about increasing our focus in Asian markets,\u201d Powell said, referring to the \u201cIndia bull story\u201d in which the firm wants to be a part of, \u201cbe it through co-investments or JVs from the region.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>The firm\u2019s 2026 GCC outlook <\/strong><strong>highlights<\/strong> <strong>AI and infrastructure<\/strong><strong> as key investment windows<\/strong>, as well as a growing potential in tech companies tapping capital markets to fund the next phase of AI expansion. \u201cThis is where the money is flowing and will build up to be a mainstream asset class over the next few years,\u201d Powell added.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>REMEMBER-<\/strong> BlackRock plans to double its investments in Saudi by 2030 after funneling more than <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/3f458652-ac69-4a49-a6e4-5b97cbf0845d\/%253cmark%253eblackrock%253c%2Fmark%253e-to-double-down-in-saudi-and-the-region\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">USD 35 bn<\/a> into the Kingdom so far. It is currently preparing new <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/12eda168-6719-4815-a431-478f2a4e9dc4\/fii9%25e2%2580%2599s-day-two-keeps-the-momentum-going\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">mutual funds<\/a> while working with Saudi authorities on developing a market for residential mortgage-backed securities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>SPEAKING OF AI- Saudi Arabia is already reaping rewards from early AI adoptio<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong> <strong>across<\/strong><strong> manufacturing, energy, tourism, and crowd management<\/strong>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fikrventures.com\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Fikr Ventures<\/a> \u2019 Founding Partner Mohamad Khawaja told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/asharqbusiness.com\/technology\/110128\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Asharq Business<\/a> on Monday. Businesses in these sectors are benefiting from more efficiency, improved customer service, and new economic solutions, with most public- and private-sector institutions now integrating the technology, Khawaja said.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Riding the wave:<\/strong> The Kingdom ranks third globally in AI job growth, after India and Brazil, according to the Stanford AI Index. The vast majority of Saudi organizations\u2019 leaders (91%) surveyed by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kyndryl.com\/au\/en\/insights\/readiness-report-2025\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Kyndryl\u2019s AI Readiness 2025 report<\/a> expect AI-driven labor-market restructuring within a year, with 41% saying they are prepared for AI-related external business risks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Potential risks: <\/strong>Some 53% of executives cite legacy systems and weak integration as key challenges for AI adoption. Regarding external risks, cyberattacks are the top concern at 61%, with 44% saying they feel prepared. Competitive disruptions followed at 54%, with 43% reporting readiness. This comes as 76% of Saudi leaders reported a cyber-related outage this year, with human error cited as the top driver at 36%, followed by network issues and hardware\/software failures at 29% each.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Skills gap persists:<\/strong> Although Saudi companies, universities, and national programs are developing talent in data engineering, cybersecurity, and cloud infrastructure, 94% of organizations struggle to keep pace with rapid technological change, and 35% of leaders report skills shortages.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><a id=\"wwtt1\"><\/a> <strong>S&P Global sees the Kingdom\u2019s private credit financing as having substantial room for<\/strong><strong> growth<\/strong>, thanks to a steady increase in lending activity across both the public and private sectors, the agency said in a note seen by EnterpriseAM. This positive outlook is driven by the significant financing needs linked to Vision 2030\u2019s economic and social development goals, in addition to anticipated SME growth.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Total public and private sector debt in the Kingdom rose at a compound annual rate of<\/strong><strong> 12% during 2021-2024.<\/strong> This growth spans a diverse range of funding sources, including bond and sukuk issuances, gradual increases in bank lending, and the rising use of private capital financing. Private capital financing \u2014 still relatively new in the Saudi market \u2014 relies on non-bank lenders providing direct loans to borrowers, with credit instruments distributed among a limited number of investors.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Still a tiny portion of domestic lending:<\/strong> Private credit financing accounts for only about 2% of the Kingdom's overall lending, although it has grown almost tenfold since 2020 to reach USD 3.7 bn in 2024, according to S&P data.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>BUT- <\/strong><strong>Gulf allocators are stepping up exposure: <\/strong>The Gulf\u2019s younger demographic profile is giving pension and institutional investors longer compounding horizons, making the region\u2019s private credit market increasingly attractive, Monroe Capital CEO Ted Koenig tells Asharq Business (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/asharqbusiness.com\/videos\/110150\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%87-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A9\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">watch: runtime: 1:39<\/a>). The asset class can deliver \u201cdouble-digit returns\u201d that \u201crival private equity,\u201d he said, positioning it as a growing component of long-dated portfolios, particularly as liquidity builds and demand for yield stays high. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>The Kingdom is likely to emerge as \u201cone of the giants\u201d in the asset class<\/strong>, he said, calling it the \u201cnext frontier\u201d for private-credit allocations. Private credit interest has risen significantly across Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Kuwait City, Doha and Riyadh over the past five years.\u201cThe region was a sleeping giant, and it\u2019s not sleeping anymore,\u201d Koenig said.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><a id=\"wwtt3\"><\/a> <strong>Riyad<\/strong><strong> Capital lined up approval from the Capital Market Authority (CMA) for the public <\/strong><strong>offering of its Riyad Healthcare Equity Fu<\/strong><strong>nd<\/strong>, according to a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cma.gov.sa\/en\/MediaCenter\/NEWS\/Pages\/CMA_N_3948.aspx\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> from the authority. The sign-off allows the manager to begin marketing the vehicle once its terms and conditions are formally published.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>DATA POINT-<\/strong> Equity fund AUM in the Kingdom reached SAR 48.9 bn in 3Q 2025, up nearly 11.8% y-o-y, underscoring continued appetite for sector-focused public funds, CMA\u2019s <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ent.news\/2025\/11\/1378.pdf\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">latest quarterly bulletin (pdf)<\/a> showed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<p class=\"tag-border-left\">DATA POINTS-<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><a id=\"wwtt4\"><\/a> <strong>#1- Saudi Arabia holds two-thirds of the Middle East\u2019s green finance market<\/strong>, with USD 12 bn in sustainable finance issuances this year, Investment Minister Khalid Al Falih was quoted as saying by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aleqt.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82\/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-52-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-4533\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Aleqtisadiah<\/a>. The Kingdom is accelerating emissions reductions toward carbon neutrality by 2060 while targeting to invest USD 1\u202ftn in infrastructure by 2030, with nearly half financed by the private sector, he added.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>REMEMBER-<\/strong> The Kingdom has introduced a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/2f55b237-0708-4ab8-882a-d8007b37541a\/government-unveils%253cmark%253e-green%253c%2Fmark%253e-financing-framework-to-boost-sustainability\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">green financing framework<\/a>, a sustainable debt guide, and a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/bb1e7f83-61db-4b65-ba72-f163edc79250\/saudi-launches%253cmark%253e-carbon%253c%2Fmark%253e-trading-platform-on-sidelines-of-cop29\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">digital platform for carbon credit trading<\/a>, including the world\u2019s largest carbon credit auction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>#2- The Saudi Export-Import Bank (Saudi Exim) expects to close out the year having provided more than SAR 40 <\/strong><strong>bn in financing<\/strong>, bringing the total financing it has provided since its 2020 launch to around SAR 100 bn, CEO Saad Al Khalab told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alarabiya.net\/aswaq\/exclusive\/2025\/12\/09\/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-40-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Al Arabiya<\/a>. About 40% of these facilities cover financing, while 60% pertain to ins. supporting exporters, financial institutions, and foreign importers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>By sector: <\/strong>60% of the bank\u2019s financing goes to manufacturing, over 20% to mining, and the remainder to services, technology, and agriculture. The bank has also extended revolving credit exceeding USD 1.5 bn to eight global exporters, facilitating trade with more than 150 countries.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>MEANWHILE- The National Development Fund has, through 12 development banks and funds, <\/strong><strong>contributed SAR 52 bn in one year<\/strong>, added SAR 47 bn to non-oil GDP, and supported thousands of projects that diversify the economy and create sustainable jobs, Vice Chairman Mohammed Al Tuwaijri was quoted by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alarabiya.net\/aswaq\/economy\/2025\/12\/09\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81-47-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7%D9%8A\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Al Arabiya<\/a> as saying. He noted that the fund has financed over 800 projects worth more than USD 21\u202fbn in 100 countries. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>#3- <\/strong><strong>Saudi ports had a good November:<\/strong> Transshipment containers handled at Saudi ports increased 8.2% y-o-y to over 162k containers in November, with total goods handled rising by 0.21% y-o-y to 17.8 mn tons, according to a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/MawaniKSA\/status\/1998302910124577151\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a>. The Kingdom\u2019s ports saw shipping traffic jump up by 6.81% y-o-y to 1.02k vessels, while containers handled hit 649.3k. Total vehicles handled at Saudi\u2019s ports stood at 77.1k, while around 722.1k heads of livestock transited its ports.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<p class=\"tag-border-left\">OIL WATCH-<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><a id=\"wwtt5\"><\/a> <strong>Saudi crude flows to China are set to climb in January<\/strong>, with allocations to Chinese refiners expected to reach 49.5 mn barrels, after Aramco cut its official selling prices for Asia, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/ar\/business\/UMY6B24X2JPKFFTSYYIV6GV6CU-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> reports, citing industry sources. The volumes \u2014 roughly 1.6 mn bbl \/ d \u2014 mark a jump from the past two months, when allocations remained below 40 mn bbl. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>ICYMI-<\/strong> Aramco <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/5aa58028-bb12-453b-a996-964ee1ad415c\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">lowered<\/a> January\u2019s official selling price (OSP) for its main Arab Light crude to Asia to USD 1.50 \/ bbl, a USD 0.6 premium over the Oman-Dubai benchmark, marking its lowest level since January 2021. Lower Saudi prices are <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/f613a81e-3ee8-4e2b-9d43-f18e0ab68f61\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">expected<\/a> to boost term demand from China, whose independent refiners have recently received new 2026 import quotas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Cause and effect: <\/strong>The deeper price cut made the grade more attractive, while OSPs falling below spot prices further boosted demand, two sources told Reuters. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Who\u2019s lifting?<\/strong> PetroChina, Rongsheng Petrochemical, and Shenghong Petrochemical are planning to lift more Saudi barrels next month, while CNOOC and Hengli Petrochemical will lift less than in the prior month, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/business\/energy\/saudi-january-crude-oil-supply-to-china-set-to-hit-three-month-high-after-price-falls-ew7nlojl\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> said, citing sources in the know.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>MEANWHILE- India\u2019s Reliance Industries upped Middle Eastern crude uptake to at least<\/strong><strong> 10 mn bbl in January<\/strong>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-12-09\/china-boosts-buying-of-cheaper-saudi-crude-as-surplus-expands\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg<\/a> reports, citing traders. Thai and Malaysian refiners also increased their purchases from the region.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<hr style=\"height:2px;border-width:0;color:gray;background-color:gray\">\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><a id=\"wwtt2\"><\/a> <strong>Aramco is looking to kick off exports of condensates from the Jafurah gas<\/strong><strong> plant in <\/strong><strong>February<\/strong>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/ar\/business\/SWWMZUNTZNJH7PPWWIA2PB2NMI-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> reports, citing two anonymous sources. Aramco could move four to six condensate cargoes a month \u2014 each holding 500k barrels \u2014 though no fixed schedule has been set, one of the sources said. The volumes will be marketed through private negotiations and buyers may receive samples before the end of December, other sources said.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>A key uncertainty is how much supply Aramco will release over the next six to twelve months<\/strong>, Global Head of LNGs at consultancy FGE Armaan Ashraf told Reuters, noting that the Jafurah grade is shaping up to compete with heavier condensates and very light crude. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>REMEMBER-<\/strong> Aramco <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/f797e777-7342-4a9a-ae40-cd69e891f1e5\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">started production<\/a> from its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/3643bb47-adf1-422d-8e77-38f48217bc62\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">USD 100 bn<\/a> Jafurah gas plant last week\u2014 which holds an estimated 230 tn cubic feet (tcf) of gas, 75 bn barrels of oil, and abundant ethane for petrochemical production. The first phase came online with 450 mcf \/ d of capacity, with the plant\u2019s output expected to reach 2 bcf \/ d by 2030.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<p class=\"tag-border-left\">SPORTS-<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Liv Golf\u2019s shift fr<\/strong><strong>om 54- to 72-hole tournaments is boosting hopes the PIF-backed league<\/strong><strong> could earn Official World Golf Ranking (OWGR) points<\/strong> before the February 2026 season, CEO Scott O\u2019Neil told <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/athletic\/6865674\/2025\/12\/08\/liv-golf-world-ranking-points\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">The Athletic<\/a>. The change aims to satisfy OWGR standards and player demand, with O\u2019Neil noting, \u201cThe better players want more golf. Period, end of sentence.\u201d Since its 2022 debut, the league has operated without ranking points, limiting major championship access for stars like Jon Rahm and Brooks Koepka.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Financial snapshot: <\/strong>Despite investing some USD 5 bn over four years, Liv reported a USD 1.4 bn non-US loss. While 2024 revenue jumped 75% to GBP 64.9 mn, it remained dwarfed by GBP 553 mn in costs. O\u2019Neil called the year \u201cextraordinary\u201d relative to previous seasons and cited \u201cstrong\u201d board support, but acknowledged the business still has \u201cwood to chop, and some hill to climb\u201d to meet long-term expectations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>ICYMI-<\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/news\/story\/b73a18bb-6ec5-45bf-93ab-896747af99f0\/pif-ups%253cmark%253e-liv%253c%2Fmark%253e-capital-to-usd-5-bn-as-operating-losses-mount\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Earlier this month<\/a>, the Public Investment Fund approved a USD 113 mn capital increase for Liv Golf, bringing total funding in 2025 to USD 1.1 bn and overall capital to over USD 5 bn. The increase addresses estimated operating losses of USD 100 mn per month.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Recruitment strategy: <\/strong>For the second consecutive offseason, Liv avoided blockbuster signings, opting instead for a youth-focused strategy \u2014 taking on Joaquin Niemann and David Puig. O\u2019Neil emphasized finding players with \u201ctrajectory\u201d to deepen a field that currently lacks strength beyond its top 25 stars.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12 subscribe-box-panel\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"title\">\n<h4 class=\"fw-lighter mb-10\">   Get <b style=\"font-weight: 700\">Enterprise<\/b> daily   <\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"mb-10\">The roundup of news and trends that move your markets and shape corporate agendas delivered straight to your inbox.<\/p>\n<p>  <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"ksa\/en\/user\/NewsLetters\" class=\"btn-green px-3 d-flex align-items-center\" rel=\"noopener\">Subscribe here<\/a>  <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>***<\/strong><strong>You\u2019re reading EnterpriseAM Saudi<\/strong>, your essential daily roundup of business, economics, and must-read news about Saudi, delivered straight to your inbox. We\u2019re out Sunday through Thursday by 7am Riyadh time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>EnterpriseAM Saudi is available without charge <\/strong>thanks to the generous support of our friends at Tas\u2019heel and Hassan Allam Properties.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Want to send us a story idea<\/strong>, request coverage, ask for a correction, or otherwise get in touch? Reach out to us on <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"mailto:climate@enterprisemea.com\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">saudi@enterpriseAM.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>DID YOU KNOW <\/strong>that we also cover <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/egypt\/en\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Egypt<\/a>, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/uae\/en\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">the UAE<\/a>, the MENA <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/logistics\/en\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">logistics<\/a> industry, and the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/mena-india\/en\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/mena-india\/en\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">MENA <> India<\/a> corridor?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Were you forwarded this email? <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/enterprise.news\/ksa\/en\/user\/news-letters\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Tap or click here<\/a> to get your own copy of EnterpriseAM Saudi delivered every weekday.<br \/><strong>***<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\">\n<p class=\"tag-border-left\">THE BIG STORY ABROAD- <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>Trump clears path for Nvidia chip sales to China:<\/strong> The Trump administration will allow Nvidia to sell its advanced H200 AI chips to approved customers in China, easing export restrictions imposed during the Biden administration. Under the new deal, the US government will take a 25% cut of proceeds \u2014 up from 15% in a prior agreement \u2014 with similar arrangements expected for AMD and Intel. The decision follows months of lobbying by Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, who pledged USD 500 bn in US AI investments. The move has drawn criticism from lawmakers, who warned it could aid China\u2019s military and surveillance capabilities. (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2025\/dec\/08\/trump-nvidia-ai-chips-china\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardian<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/us-china-hawks-say-trump-approved-nvidia-chip-sales-china-will-supercharge-its-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2025\/12\/08\/trump-nvidia-h200-sales-china.html\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/12\/09\/business\/china-gains-trump-nvidia-chips.html\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">New York Times<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-12-08\/nvidia-set-to-win-us-approval-to-export-h200-ai-chips-to-china\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/ckg9q635q6po\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC<\/a>) <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>AND IN BUSINESS NEWS- <\/strong>The European Commission has launched an investigation into whether Google uses content from websites and YouTube videos to power its AI-generated summaries and other tools without compensating creators or offering opt-outs, the commission said in a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_25_2964\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a>. Regulators are also examining if Google\u2019s AI Mode reduces traffic to publishers\u2019 sites. The investigation follows complaints from media groups and campaigners who say Google\u2019s AI Overviews divert readers and threaten journalism revenues. (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/crl95eg33k1o\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2025\/12\/09\/google-hit-with-eu-antitrust-probe-over-use-of-online-content-for-ai.html\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/sustainability\/boards-policy-regulation\/eu-launches-antitrust-probe-into-googles-use-online-content-ai-purposes-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2025\/nov\/13\/eu-investigates-google-search-over-demoting-commercial-content-from-news-media\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardian<\/a>) <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>PLUS- Investors brace for a divided Fed: <\/strong>Markets expect the US Federal Reserve to cut interest rates by 25 bps today to a 3.50-3.75% range, but analysts warn of deep divisions within the policy committee \u2014 possibly the most dissent seen in years, <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/investors-warm-up-long-spell-discordant-fed-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> reports. As many as five of the 12 voting members could oppose the move, raising concerns about growing politicization under President Trump, who has pushed for lower rates ahead of next year\u2019s midterms. <\/p>\n<p style=\"padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left\"><strong>ALSO MAKING HEADLINES- <\/strong>Ukraine and its European allies are preparing a revised peace proposal to end the war with Russia that includes a 20-point framework, security guarantees, and a reconstruction plan, which will soon be presented to Washington. (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/zelenskiy-says-refined-documents-peace-plan-will-soon-be-sent-us-2025-12-09\/\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/cg7vdd115vjo\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/world\/ukraine\/ukraine-zelenskyy-pope-leo-russia-peace-proposals-us-trump-rcna248155\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC<\/a> | <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/world\/ukraine\/ukraine-zelenskyy-pope-leo-russia-peace-proposals-us-trump-rcna248155\" style=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardian<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plus: Globalization is dead, Mohamed El Erian says<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":103204,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_primary_brand":0,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2540],"tags":[10,2424,66,9],"brand":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"class_list":["post-103203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-what-were-tracking-today","tag-enterpriseam-ksa","tag-finance","tag-infrastructure","tag-what-were-tracking-today","wpautop","entry"],"acf":{"mongo_id":"65e5b84a-2685-416e-ba88-98aa1105ad08","order":"2","is_powered_by":false,"story_type":"4","photo_url":"https:\/\/ent.news\/2025\/12\/626.jpg","photo_position":"above","homepage_title":"","full_issue_title":"THIS MORNING: Plenty of rail projects in the pipeline + BlackRock looks to GCC sovereign wealth funds to unlock Asia growth","related_issue":[103201],"teaser":"Plus: Globalization is dead, Mohamed El Erian says","voice_url":"https:\/\/s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/ent.news\/audio\/2025\/12\/.7a534d83-859d-4976-9e20-a0cd239e14ce.mp3"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - 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