{"id":550861,"date":"2022-05-09T13:12:22","date_gmt":"2022-05-09T13:12:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/2022\/05\/09\/could-microorganisms-become-the-future-of-recycling\/"},"modified":"2022-05-09T13:12:22","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T13:12:22","slug":"could-microorganisms-become-the-future-of-recycling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/2022\/05\/09\/could-microorganisms-become-the-future-of-recycling\/","title":{"rendered":"Could microorganisms become the future of recycling?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"content-anchor\" id=\"tldr-story-03\"><\/a> <strong>Could microorganisms become the future of recycling?<\/strong> In recent years, a series of scientific breakthroughs have uncovered the effectiveness of certain microorganisms in the process of plastics recycling. Though still in the early stages of development, these enzymes are showing promise in plugging some of the holes that remain in traditional recycling processes. Some companies have even started working to address the problem of plastics recycling through this supposedly more efficient chemical process, but whether \u2014 and how soon \u2014 these discoveries can be scaled to meet commercial volumes of plastic waste is yet to be seen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Plastic-eating microbes are not just a thing of science fiction. <\/strong>Scientists have known about different kinds of plastic-eating bacteria since as<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC182779\/\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">far back as 1991<\/a> but it wasn\u2019t until 2016 that a group of Japanese researchers <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aad6359\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">discovered a strain of bacteria<\/a> called Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 that was particularly adept at doing so. This new strain could grow and subsist entirely off of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) \u2014 the type of plastic that\u2019s tough and hard to break down, and is used to manufacture almost all single-use bottles and textile fibers. This meant that the bacterium could break down the complex chemical bonds formed in the production of PET \u2014 and it did so using certain enzymes that naturally evolved to have this particular ability.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What about traditional recycling? <\/strong>Currently, <a href=\"https:\/\/bluevisionbraskem.com\/en\/intelligence\/infographic-how-does-the-process-of-mechanical-recycling-work\/#:~:text=Mechanical%20Recycling%20is%20the%20process,traditional%20method%20in%20the%20world.\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">the most popular<\/a> form of recycling is a process known as mechanical recycling where plastics are shredded, washed, and occasionally melted down before re-entering industrial processes. The problem with this method is that each iteration results in weaker and lower-quality plastic, meaning that resources eventually do go to waste.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chemical recycling supposedly avoids this problem entirely: <\/strong>One of the most promising aspects of chemical recycling is that it bypasses the inevitable waste issue endemic to its mechanical counterpart by breaking down plastics into its most basic form. Being able to turn single-use water bottles back into the building blocks that once created theoretically means that there could be <a href=\"https:\/\/cefic.org\/a-solution-provider-for-sustainability\/chemical-recycling-making-plastics-circular\/\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">no resources lost<\/a> in recycling manufacturing processes (assuming we are able to collect everything we produce).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Laboratory experiments pushed these enzymes further into the future: <\/strong>By 2018, the enzymes discovered on this new strain of bacteria were modified by a group of researchers at the University of Portsmouth to become even more efficient at breaking down PET. Government funding of some GBP 6 mn awarded to these researchers has since allowed them to figure out a way to make these enzymes degrade PET <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2020\/sep\/28\/new-super-enzyme-eats-plastic-bottles-six-times-faster\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">six times faster than before<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>There\u2019s also evidence to suggest that more microbes around the world are developing the capability to break down plastic<\/strong>, especially in places where plastic pollution is highly concentrated, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.02155-21\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">one 2021 study<\/a> by scientists from Sweden\u2019s Chalmers University of Technology. A separate <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00404\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">2020 study<\/a> from TU Bergakademie Freiberg and UFZ scientists found that a strain of bacteria that exists in soil exhibited the ability to degrade polyurethane.<\/p>\n<p><strong>One French company focused on enzymatic recycling is already gaining attention and funding: <\/strong>Late last year, French biotech company <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbios.com\/en\/enzymatic-recycling\/\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">Carbios<\/a> opened its first testing facility where it has been ironing out its PET recycling system using a completely new type of enzyme that they have <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2149-4\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">enhanced<\/a> to become faster and withstand higher temperatures. Carbios along with T.EN Zimmer and Deloitte have already received a EUR 3.3 mn European grant to build out its system which it hopes will be able to process <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbios.com\/en\/global-consumer-brands-unveil-worlds-first-enzymatically-recycled-bottles\/\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">40k tons<\/a> of plastic by 2025.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Some skepticism about this technology remains: <\/strong>First, there\u2019s the question of scalability, which some think might take too long to reach. \u201cWe don\u2019t have more years to figure this out and wait for new technology,\u201d Kate Bailey, policy and research director at a nonprofit recycler based in Colorado tells <a href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2022\/04\/are-microbes-the-future-of-recycling-its-complicated\/\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">ArsTechnica<\/a>. Then there\u2019s the issue of energy, which enzymatic recycling requires more of than mechanical recycling \u2014 though it is difficult to compare because enzymatic recycling supposedly reduces the amount of fresh plastic used in industrial processes. There\u2019s also the problem that chemical recycling so far <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/feb\/05\/how-super-enzymes-that-eat-plastics-could-curb-our-waste-problem\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">doesn\u2019t work<\/a> on other, tougher plastics.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reeling in plastic production and pollution will require multiple efforts: <\/strong>With some <a href=\"https:\/\/plasticseurope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Plastics-the-Facts-2021-web-final.pdf\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">367 mn tons<\/a>of plastic produced globally in 2020 and roughly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0167779921000408#bb0005\" style=\"color: rgb(252, 118, 1);\">12 bn metric tons<\/a> of plastic waste expected to pile onto the surface of the earth by 2050, it is likely that more ways than one will be required to address our plastic problem. Both mechanical and chemical solutions will likely have to be relied on in the coming years to absorb the current amount of waste floating around our planet, as will our need to drastically reduce the production of new plastic.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Could microorganisms become the future of recycling? In recent years, a series of scientific breakthroughs have uncovered the effectiveness of certain microorganisms in the process of plastics recycling. Though still in the early stages of development, these enzymes are showing promise in plugging some of the holes that remain in traditional recycling processes. Some companies [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":550862,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_primary_brand":0,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9595],"tags":[7286,633,745,451,9242],"brand":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"class_list":["post-550861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats-next-2","tag-climate","tag-enterprisepm","tag-plastic","tag-recycling","tag-whats-next","wpautop","entry"],"acf":{"mongo_id":"e61b9ebc-b55b-4555-a9ac-c6192749949c","is_powered_by":true,"story_type":"1","photo_url":"https:\/\/ent.news\/2022\/5\/445.jpg","photo_position":"above","related_issue":[550851],"teaser":"","voice_url":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Could microorganisms become the future of recycling? - EnterpriseAM Egypt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/2022\/05\/09\/could-microorganisms-become-the-future-of-recycling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Could microorganisms become the future of recycling?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Could microorganisms become the future of recycling? In recent years, a series of scientific breakthroughs have uncovered the effectiveness of certain microorganisms in the process of plastics recycling. Though still in the early stages of development, these enzymes are showing promise in plugging some of the holes that remain in traditional recycling processes. 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- EnterpriseAM Egypt","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/2022\/05\/09\/could-microorganisms-become-the-future-of-recycling\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Could microorganisms become the future of recycling?","og_description":"Could microorganisms become the future of recycling? 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As of 2018, the formal sector in Egypt was said to collect 810k tonnes of waste annually with the informal sector collecting over 2.5 mn\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;MOVING TOWARD A ZERO WASTE LIFESTYLE&quot;","block_context":{"text":"MOVING TOWARD A ZERO WASTE LIFESTYLE","link":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/category\/moving-toward-a-zero-waste-lifestyle\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ent.news\/2021\/6\/16.jpg?fit=%2C&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":561298,"url":"https:\/\/enterpriseam.com\/egypt\/2021\/04\/01\/thursday-kudos-naguib-mahfouz-medal-pepsi-plastics-al-tamimi-opens-in-port-said\/","url_meta":{"origin":550861,"position":1},"title":"Thursday Kudos: Naguib Mahfouz Medal, Pepsi + plastics, Al Tamimi opens in Port Said","author":"enterpriseam admin","date":"1 April 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Literature: Algerian writer Ahmed Taibaoui received the AUC Press\u2019 Naguib Mahfouz Medal for Literature yesterday for his novel, The Disappearance of Mr. Nobody.Recycling: PepsiCo is investing EGP 10 mn this year in a new platform it launched that aims to increase the uptake of recycled plastics. 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